Quoted from below (at the end of this post) for emphasis:
By the way, the inability of a simulator to resolve the complexities of a “free energy” circuit renders this as a “matrix is singular” error message or its equivalency of “time-step (or, time interval) too small in transient analysis” and halts the simulation as a fatal error.
This error can be avoided by adding a tiny signature to each reactive parameter but is not necessary for any resistances.
But this [type of matrix is singular] error also implies that the innate policy of all simulators to uphold the Conservation of Energy by being able to easily validate that all of the components of a simulated circuit will tally to a grand total of zero watts will be difficult to calculate and, thus, the simulator (in its confused state) will throw up its proverbial hands and exclaim that, “I can’t handle this!”
But, synchronizing the behavior of a spark gap with the behavior of the circuit to which this spark gap is connected, and especially if this behavior is a surge, reduces the likelihood of a fatal “matrix” error and ensures that the simulator’s ability to uphold the Conservation of Energy will be a success.
Thus, ultimately, overunity or underunity are the result of not fully assessing all of the components of a circuit. But this is easy to overlook (with free energy circuits) since conventional physics ignores or trivializes most of Maxwell’s equations.
This is equivalent to “shooting oneself in the foot” whenever any “professional” denies the existence of “extra energy for which the consumer need not pay”.
In LTSpice, this synchronicity is regulated by the parameter of its neon bulb which is labeled as being the “Tau” parameter. Tweak this parameter by raising it above its default condition (of 100μs) to discover its “sweet spot”.
I found that a value of 1.002ns was just right more often than not.
By the way, an LTSpice model for its “neon bulb” is merely composed of two switches plus a capacitor and a resistor. It’s not very sophisticated unlike Micro-Cap’s neon bulb which is a veritable surge arrester due to the presence of hydrogen gas.
Here’s a quote from a dialogue I had with Bing Copilot AI on this thought:
4. Air‑Gap / Neon Bulb Model [within the context of LTSpice]
X§U_AIRGAP V_AGpos V_AGneg neonbulb Vstrike=4k Vhold=25 Zon=10 Ihold=20m Tau={AGTau}
This is a hysteretic, metastable, negative‑resistance switch.
Parameters:
Vstrike = 4 kV
Vhold = 25 V
Zon = 10 Ω
Ihold = 20 mA
Tau = 1.002 ns
This is a very fast air‑gap model — 1 ns time constant is in the microwave domain.
The air‑gap is the event horizon of the system:
It accumulates charge from the [diode] ring
It fires when the metastable buildup crosses threshold
It collapses into a low‑impedance state
It resets the [diode] ring
This is the “breathing” mechanism.
I BELIEVE THAT: WHAT GABRIEL KRON WAS REFERRING TO WHEN HE CLAIMED TO HAVE DISCOVERED “NEGATIVE RESISTANCE” WAS NOT LITERALLY THIS EXACT STATEMENT (AS ENGINEERS CLAIM TO INTERPRET), BUT -INSTEAD- GABRIEL DISCOVERED AN EFFECTIVE METHOD OF FULLY UTILIZING THE MAXIMUM BENEFITS OF AN IDEALIZED EMBODIMENT OF A NEGATIVE RESISTOR IN THE FORM OF A GAS-FILLED, DISCHARGE TUBE (AKA, SURGE ARRESTER) WHICH CONTAINS UP TO 20% HYDROGEN MIXED WITH INERT (NOBLE) GASES, SUCH AS: HELIUM, ARGON, NEON, ETC.
THIS PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN INCREASES THE “TAU” PARAMETER AND, THUS, IMPROVES SYNCHRONICITY OF WHEN THESE “WELL-ENDOWED” SPARK GAPS FIRE IN RESPONSE TO THE CIRCUIT TO WHICH THEY ARE ATTACHED.
THE “TAU” PARAMETER IS WHAT’S AVAILABLE IN LTSPICE. IN MICRO-CAP, THIS PARAMETER IS NOT EXPLICITLY AVAILABLE FOR MODIFICATION. SO, INSTEAD, WE NEED TO MAGNETICALLY COUPLE A COIL (WHICH IS EXTERIOR TO THE SPARK GAP) TO THE INTERNAL INDUCTANCE OF THE ELECTRODES WITHIN (INSIDE OF) A SPARK GAP TO INCREASE ITS “TAU” PARAMETER, INDIRECTLY (BUT, EFFECTIVELY).
THIS INTERNAL INDUCTANCE OF THE SPARK GAP’S ELECTRODES IS MADE AVAILABLE BY MICRO-CAP AS ITS VIRTUAL INDUCTOR, L1. SO, IF THE SPARK GAP IS PLACED ONTO A SCHEMATIC AND NAMED WITH THE LABEL OF: X1, THEN ACCESSING THIS INTERNAL, VIRTUAL INDUCTANCE CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED USING A LUMPED INDUCTOR COUPLING STATEMENT (A “K” STATEMENT) THAT WILL LOOK LIKE THIS: “L1 L2 L3 X1.L1 0.6”.
“L1 L2 L3” ARE COILS WHICH ARE LOCATED WITHIN THE CIRCUIT (AND EXTERNAL TO THE INTERNALS OF THE SPARK GAP) WHILE “X1.L1” IS THE LABEL FOR THE INTERNAL, VIRTUAL INDUCTANCE OF THE ELECTRODES OF THE “X1” SPARK GAP. AND “0.6” IS THE MAGNETIC COUPLING PARAMETER OF 60% MUTUAL INDUCTANCE AMONG THESE FOUR COILS: THREE OF WHICH (L1, L2 AND L3) ARE EXTERNAL TO THE SPARK GAP AND ONE (X1.L1) WHICH IS AN INTERNALIZED, VIRTUAL INDUCTANCE OF THE ELECTRODES OF THIS SPARK GAP.
THIS IS THE SECRET “TRICK” WHICH GABRIEL KRON WAS REFERRING TO WHEN HE CLAIMED TO HAVE DISCOVERED NEGATIVE RESISTANCE. THIS “TRICK” GIVES THE ENGINEER TOTAL CONTROL OVER THE OUTCOME OF ANY CIRCUIT WHETHER THE OUTCOME WHICH IS DESIRED BE OVERUNITY OR UNDERUNITY. OF COURSE, THESE TERMS OF OVER- OR UNDER- UNITY ARE IMPRECISE SINCE CONSERVATION IS NEVER VIOLATED. YET, THE RATIONALE OF “CONVENTIONAL PHYSICS” IS THAT ALL ENERGY CAN BE ACCOUNTED FOR WHICH IS A LIE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE CONVENTIONAL INTERPRETATION OF MAXWELL’S 16 EQUATIONS SINCE CONVENTIONAL PHYSICS DENIES THE FULL EXISTENCE OF ALL 16 MAXWELLIAN EQUATIONS GIVING CREDENCE TO MERELY 6 OF THEM AND IGNORES THE OTHER 10.
SOME EXTRA ENERGY CAN COME FROM A SPARK GAP (AKA, SURGE ARRESTER) AND, THUS, NOT BE PHYSICALLY ACCOUNTABLE IF THAT SPARK GAP’S “TAU” PARAMETER IS IMPROVED TO THE POINT AT WHICH THAT SPARK GAP NO LONGER BEHAVES LIKE A NEON INDICATOR LAMP NOR ENTIRELY LIKE A SURGE ARRESTER. INSTEAD, DUE TO THE SYNCHRONICITY OF HYDROGEN GAS ADDED TO THE NOBLE (INERT) GASES WITHIN THE GAS-FILLED SPARK GAP, AND BECAUSE OF MAGNETICALLY COUPLING A SPARK GAP’S INTERNAL, VIRTUAL INDUCTANCE TO AN EXTERNAL INDUCTANCE, THE RESPONSE-TIME OF THE BEHAVIOR OF SUCH A WELL-ENDOWED SPARK GAP IS REMARKABLY IMPROVED TO THE POINT THAT THIS VERSION OF A SPARK GAP ENSURES THE ABILITY OF GAINING ACCESS TO: “ENERGY FROM THE VACUUM”, “ZERO POINT ENERGY”, ENERGY FROM THE “QUANTUM FROTH” OF THE UNIVERSE AND -YET- RETAIN THE FULL SUPPORT OF “THE CONSERVATION OF ENERGY”.
BESIDES THE QUANTUM FOAM OF THIS TYPE OF IMPROVED SPARK GAP, THIS EXTRA ENERGY CAN ALSO COME FROM A CONNECTION TO GROUND, OR A VIRTUAL GROUND, OR A COIL WHICH IS EXTERNAL TO THE INTERNALS OF A SPARK GAP. THIS LATTER SOURCE OF EXTRA ENERGY COMING FROM A COIL TRANSCENDS THE LAW OF INDUCTION OF MICHAEL FARADAY, BECAUSE CURRENT NEED NOT MERELY ARISE FROM A COIL SOLELY DUE TO ITS IMMERSION WITHIN A MAGNETIC FIELD WHOSE FIELD ALSO CHANGES ITS MAGNETIC AMPLITUDE AND POLARITY OVER TIME (ACCORDING TO MICHAEL FARADAY’S INDUCTION LAW).
LTSPICE DOESN’T GIVE US ANY CLUE AS TO HOW TO IMPLEMENT ITS “TAU” PARAMETER IN A REAL-WORLD PHYSICAL BUILD. IN OTHER WORDS, LTSPICE DOES NOT GIVE US ANY HINT OF HOW TO PHYSCIALLY ACCESS THIS “TAU” PARAMETER. SO, WE GET TO SIMULATE THE IMPROVED SYNCHRONICITY OF LTSPICE’S MODEL OF A NEON BULB WITHOUT ANY UNDERSTANDING OF HOW TO IMPLEMENT THIS IN A PRAGMATIC MANNER.
BUT MICRO-CAP DOES GIVE US ACCESS TO ITS INTERNAL INDUCTANCE OF ITS ELECTRODES IN THE FORM OF AN INTERNAL INDUCTOR LABELED: “L1”. THUS, WE CAN MAGNETICALLY COUPLE AN EXTERNAL INDUCTOR TO THIS INTERNAL, VIRTUAL INDUCTANCE AND, THUS, IMPROVE THE SYNCHRONOUS BEHAVIOR OF A SPARK GAP’S SURGE VERSUS THE SURGES OF THE CIRCUIT TO WHICH THIS SPARK GAP IS ATTACHED (ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED).
I HOPE I HAVE SUCCEEDED IN MAKING THE EXPLANATION OF MY “AHA” MOMENT AS PLAINLY UNDERSTANDABLE AS IS POSSIBLE.
By the way, the inability of a simulator to resolve the complexities of a “free energy” circuit renders this as a “matrix is singular” error message or its equivalency of “time-step (or, time interval) too small in transient analysis” and halts the simulation as a fatal error.
This error can be avoided by adding a tiny signature to each reactive parameter but is not necessary for any resistances.
But this [type of matrix is singular] error also implies that the innate policy of all simulators to uphold the Conservation of Energy by being able to easily validate that all of the components of a simulated circuit will tally to a grand total of zero watts will be difficult to calculate and, thus, the simulator (in its confused state) will throw up its proverbial hands and exclaim that, “I can’t handle this!”
But, synchronizing the behavior of a spark gap with the behavior of the circuit to which this spark gap is connected, and especially if this behavior is a surge, reduces the likelihood of a fatal “matrix” error and ensures that the simulator’s ability to uphold the Conservation of Energy will be a success.
Thus, ultimately, overunity or underunity are the result of not fully assessing all of the components of a circuit. But this is easy to overlook (with free energy circuits) since conventional physics ignores or trivializes most of Maxwell’s equations.
This is equivalent to “shooting oneself in the foot” whenever any “professional” denies the existence of “extra energy for which the consumer need not pay”.

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