(1) ALPHA AND OMEGA MEN. “The Man Who Saw Humanity From Two Billion Years Away” – Olaf Stapledon is profiled in The MIT Press Reader.
… Stapledon’s imagination is profuse. He can be read as a compendium of science fiction ideas: his “Odd John” (1935) with its homo superior and titular telepathic character seeds the ground for Marvel’s X-Men; in “Star Maker” (1937) he describes the stellar structure that Freeman Dyson conceptualized as the Dyson sphere; in “Last and First Men” and its sequel, 1932’s “Last Men in London,” human evolution is driven across millennia to produce telepathy, as in Frank Herbert’s “Dune”; in the age of the Fifth Men, the Moon is destroyed and falls to Earth, raining down destruction and driving further evolution of the species — Neal Stephenson’s masterful pan-generational novel “Seveneves” is powered by the same conceit.
A further astonishing influence, traced by the scholar Dominic Moran, is upon Jorge Luis Borges and his short story “El jardín de los senderos que se bifurcan” (1941), or “The Garden of Forking Paths.” Borges reviewed Stapledon and went on to cite a section of “Star Maker” that anticipates the idea of the multiverse. The “many worlds” theory of quantum mechanics would not be proposed until 1957, nearly 20 years after Stapledon’s speculation of a creature capable of taking many possible courses of action at once, with each choice creating a new dimension in time.
A science fiction author could spend their career turning Stapledon’s speculative paragraphs into novels.
The long future of “Last and First Men” is influenced by the interwar concern with deep time. Doris Lessing observed that surely what was going on in archaeology in the period inspired Stapledon: The early 20th century was marked by the rediscovery of civilizations such as the Olmec mother culture in the Americas, the opening of Tutankhamen’s tomb, and the excavation of the Hittite capital that proved they were a genuine civilization and not solely a Biblical one. Lessing’s own science fiction sequence, “Canopus in Argos: Archives,” first published in 1979, is a similarly eon-spanning future history.
The different generations of Stapledon’s humankind evolve under pressure from cultural and environmental effects. Their advances leave a mark on the Earth, and the Earth violently reacts. This anticipates a key theme of the 21st century, the Anthropocene, the theory that humanity has left evidence of itself in the geological record, thus making our mark in deep time.
(2) KEEPING THE WOW IN BOW-WOW. Camestros Felapton’s series on robots and such devotes a chapter to our best robotic friend: “Ch70: K9 and Robot Dogs”.
… Yes, there are other domesticated animals that humans have adopted to do labour for us. However, dogs are among the oldest and have been adapted to roles that require a degree of intelligence and judgement. Dogs, as guards, hunters, and herders, as well as more broadly as companions, occupy multiple roles in human societies. There are many parallels between the social role of dogs and the depiction of the roles of robots in fiction. This is less obvious in the cases where robots are shown as being fully intelligent (typically when they are central or major characters), but is more apparent when robots are just part of a general futuristic background.
The comparison is problematic because the depiction and social role of fictional robots frequently overlap with historical depictions of slavery. Of course, slave-owning cultures have also tended to treat enslaved people as livestock and assigned to them the same status as domesticated animals. Robots in their original coining in R.U.R. are shown as people who can be owned and treated as manufactured goods – a state of being that leads to their eventual revolt and destruction of humanity.
Presenting robots in a less human shape is a way of asserting a different status to them. There are real practical reasons for producing actual robotic machines (i.e. machines with a degree of autonomy, flexibility in tasks they can do, and sensory capability) in forms other than humanoid. Arguably, a human shape is a particularly bad design for a machine, even one that is intended to walk rather than roll about on wheels.
So it is not surprising that among the myriad non-humanoid shapes for robots, a common one is that of the dog.
Westinghouse’s 1940 exhibition robot Elektro, for example, came with a robotic companion dog, Sparko who could sit and bark. Really, Sparko is more of an automaton than what we would call a robot, but the same could be said of Elektro….
(3) MIÉVILLE AND MORE. [Item by Steven French.] The Guardian’s list of books to look out for this autumn includes the sequel to The Time Traveller’s Wife and … “From Booker-listed Marlon James to a memoir by Michael Douglas – the biggest books this autumn”.
The Rouse by China Miéville
Picador, 17 September
A leading light of the New Weird, Miéville has been working on this stonking 1,000-page supernatural fantasy for two decades. Political intrigue, continent-hopping global conspiracy and uncanny mysteries unfold.
(4) SUSAN WOOD REMEMBERED. Eli Cohen reminds Facebook readers this is the 50th anniversary of Susan Wood’s groundbreaking feminist sf panel at MidAmeriCon.
…Per Fancyclopedia, “In 1976, she was instrumental in organizing the first feminist panel at a science fiction convention, at MidAmeriCon. Reaction to this helped lead to the founding of A Women’s APA and of WisCon.”
From Susan’s worldcon report in Amor 11, Oct. 30, 1976:
I chaired a women-and-sf panel at Discon II. It was not, um, wildly successful in content (I didn’t choose the panelists, and I only met two of them as we went onstage); it was allotted an hour, and ended just as things got interesting. It did however, make people-especially women– think about sf as a male-dominated (14-year-old-male-dominated) field; and it did give women a focus, a place/time to come together, to find each other, to go off into groups and share. I wanted that to happen again–to happen more fully and easily, in a more supportive, satisfying way. So I proposed and organized a women’s event [for MidAmeriCon].It worked. You know, it worked. The problems piled up: writing endless letters to get panelists together (many women writers and fans weren’t going to worldcon because they’d given up on the sf community, I think; on the other hand, they were all supportive and helpful, even in the letters saying “sorry, I’m not going, ask so-and-so); using all the patience and restraint and diplomacy I could muster, to get this thing on despite the attitudes of the concom, who treated the “girl’s panel” as either a joke or a threat (“We don’t want any screaming Joanna Russ types on the panel, remember”); dealing with the cold which turned into laryngitis on the morning of the panel (I forced my voice, which meant I couldn’t be as flexible, or in control of tone and nuance as I wished, and meant too that I lost it completely for the rest of the con, but kept talking with people anyway… ) Well: even if the inherent sexism of fandom, of this concom, raised several hundred consciousnesses (ask Dena Brown, disenfranchised Hugo co-winner); even if the new ugly anti-woman threatened mood of sf-dom was voiced loudly from the platform by Jerry Pournelle, and echoed in a hundred ways, from the masquerade to the “Lighter Side of Sexism” panels (at one point, the “real” women’s panel was threatened with cancellation, but there were slots open for dirty jokes: is racism funny? are you going to laugh at a problem to pretend it isn’t a problem, forever?)– even if sf’s vision of human potentials is still distorted: we did come together. The panelists– Kate Wilhelm, who is one of the most gracious people I’ve ever met; Suzy McKee Charnas; Amanda Bankier; and Marta Randall– were articulate, reasoned, interesting, and kept an audience of, I estimate, 300 people quiet and fixed in their seats for an hour and a half. Then– and I had been insisting, quietly, on this– we adjourned to a smaller room, for informal discussions. And in that small, stuffy, unbearably hot little room, we talked, and talked, and talked… The discussion, of 75 people or more, tended to be too general– I had hoped for a workshop situation, lots of separate groups, but that didn’t come about, people tried to make me into Teacher, a role my throat and I rejected. Some people got off onto, for others, irrelevancies (The Pronoun Issue), though there was a recognition I think, that each one of us has a specific chosen battlefront. I got to meet some good people; we all got to meet each other. Everywhere I went, for the next four days, was someone– man or woman–to say “Hey. That was great– to meet people who feel the way I do.” And we would talk (or I would croak) as long as we could…
Isn’t that what fandom is all about?
Remarkably, there is a video recording of the panel. The video is part of the Video Archeology project coordinated by Geri Sullivan, with technical work by David Dyer-Bennet. “MidAmeriCon (1976) Worldcon Panel: Women in SF: Their Right and Proper Place”.
(5) HUGO IN ORBIT. And Glenn Glazer told Facebook readers about a more recent memorable moment: “In 2016, Kjell was one of the guests of honor for Sasquan. He was aboard the ISS during the convention and transmitted down a speech for the opening ceremonies and a few other things, including these pics. The rocket in the pictures was not one of the ones used in the ceremony and it was also slightly smaller and lighter due to NASA weight regulations. Kjell took it into space with him and sent down the photos. I think he kept the rocket as a souvenir, so I guess you could say it is his rocket.
“To this day, I believe it is the only Hugo rocket to have actually been in space.”



(6) FROM SLEEPOVER TO CREEPOVER. [Item by Steven French.] The Atlas Obscura asks a question we’re all been pondering: “Why Are So Many Horror Movies Set at Summer Camp?”
IN THE ATTIC OF A rural cabin, two teenagers are making out. As things get hot and heavy, the camera tracks them with a voyeuristic gaze. Suddenly the young couple spring apart, caught in the act by an unseen interloper. Then the knife comes out, delivering the classic slasher movie punishment for sex. A minute later, both kids are dead.
Even if you haven’t seen it, this scene likely sounds familiar—as will the overall gist of Friday the 13th, which involves a group of summer camp counselors being picked off by a mysterious killer.
It’s a classic of the American slasher formula, a genre that took off after the demise of Hays Code censorship in 1968. Texas Chainsaw Massacre and Black Christmas both arrived in 1974, with John Carpenter’s Halloween coming out in 1978. Thanks to Friday the 13th (1980), summer camps became a popular recurring location.
Of course, popularity doesn’t necessarily denote artistic merit. The 1980s slasher movies were frequently accused of being exploitative and misogynistic, with contemporary reviews labeling Friday the 13th “shamelessly bad” and “nauseating.” Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert singled it out as a notably unpleasant example of the genre. However that didn’t stop the masked killer Jason Voorhees from becoming a Hollywood juggernaut, slicing and dicing his way through 11 sequels. Meanwhile other filmmakers released a slew of copycats (Madman, The Burning, Sleepaway Camp, Twisted Nightmare…), enthusiastically butchering a generation of fictional campers. As it turned out, summer camp embodied a perfect combination of ingredients for slasher cinema.
(7) TODAY’S BIRTHDAY.
[Written by Paul Weimer.]
August 24, 1957 — Stephen Fry, 69.
By Paul Weimer: Sure, he’s done a ton of voiceover work and narration work. Sure, he’s been in a bunch of movies (including delightfully the master of Lake-town in the otherwise not-for-me Hobbit movies). Fry has run a long gamut of work, and I have only scratched the surface of it. I probably should mention Blackadder here, because I will get complaints if I don’t. I really like his serial playing of various Melchett’s in history as the series runs forward.

He is for me, an American, a “definitive” British voice. If I want to stop and imagine a British person speaking who I don’t know personally, Fry’s voice is inevitably the male version of that voice that comes into my head, just because between audiobooks, videogames, and television and movie appearances, he has poured a lot of his voice into my head. (The definitive female British voice is a bit trickier, it might actually be Emma Newman, who I do know personally, but her voice and aural personally are just so ingrained in my head).
My favorite of Fry’s works, if I have to peel something out of his canon, have to be his three Mythos books: Mythos, Heroes and Troy. Here (and he does the audiobook narration himself, great fun to listen to on a long drive), Fry tackles Greek Mythology from Creation to the Fall of Troy, which he marks as the end of the mythic age of Greece. He embraces a diverse and bushy approach to Greek Mythology and time and again shows that there is rarely if ever just one version of a Greek myth.
And a bunch of the versions Fry goes into here, I had never even heard of before. And plenty of corners of Greek Myth I had never heard of before…like the ties between Heracles and Troy (and eventually the Trojan War). Fry’s work makes me sad that Hollywood will never take my dream of a “Greek Mythology cinematic universe” and make it a reality, with Jason as the Nick Fury analog: “I’m here to recruit you for the Argo Initiative”.
Oh, and I really like Making History, which is most definitively genre of the first order (being a time travel and alternate history novel) and shows the hazards of thinking that removing one man can change history for the better….especially when it turns out the person who fills the power vacuum in removing Hitler turns out to be demonstrably more dangerous and worse for the world. Sure, he’s done a ton of voiceover work and narration work. Sure, he’s been in a bunch of movies (including delightfully the master of Lake-town in the otherwise not-for-me Hobbit movies). Fry has run a long gamut of work, and I have only scratched the surface of it. I probably should mention Blackadder here, because I will get complaints if I don’t. I really like his serial playing of various Melchett’s in history as the series runs forward.
(8) COMICS SECTION.
- Brewster Rockit shares today’s thing to worry about.
- Eek! didn’t see this coming.
- Free Range knows where he is.
- Loose Parts features an unappreciated invention.
- Pluggers call these something else.
- Strange Brew finds unexpected efficiencies.
- Tom Gauld’s travelers are compulsively literate.
(9) ABOUT THE FOODPRINTERS IN MY NOVELS. [Item by Mark Roth-Whitworth.] “Hard to swallow? The future of snacking may be 3D-printed cookies made from upcycled plastic” reports the Guardian.
Cookies produced from upcycled plastic may sound like something straight out of a dystopian sci-fi plot. But researchers say that they have succeeded in creating such a product as part of a Nasa-funded project aimed at feeding astronauts on future space missions.
The technology uses specially designed yeasts to transform plastics and agricultural waste into edible proteins, fats and flavourings. The resulting slurry is passed through a 3D printer to create a disc-shaped “cookie”.
“My lab works on developing technologies for plastic upcycling,” said Dr Lahiru Jayakody, a microbiologist at the Southern Illinois University Carbondale, who led the project. “We thought, why not look into food? Plastic is carbon and food is carbon.”
The team are yet to receive institutional sign-off to taste the plastic-derived cookies but report that they “receive high marks on aroma”….
…In this case, the researchers took one of the most common forms of plastic, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is often the sole ingredient in single-use water bottles. First the PET is “digested” using a process involving water and oxygen at high temperature and pressure to break down tough material into smaller carbon-rich molecules. These are then fed to yeast, which have been genetically reprogrammed to use the plastic-derived molecules as food.
The yeast converts the carbon from plastic into new biological molecules, including proteins, fats and other nutrients, which can be mixed with starch and shaped into edible products. A different strain was used to produce vanilla flavouring from plant biomass….
(10) DRONE WARFARE. “A Drone Killed Three Ukrainians. It Was Guided Entirely by A.I.” – the New York Times has the story. (Behind a paywall.)
The young woman ran for her life, but it was too late.
A small Russian drone resembling a model airplane swooped down from the sky last month in the city of Zaporizhzhia in southeastern Ukraine. As it tried to navigate toward a gas station, it crashed into a wall and exploded in a hail of shrapnel, killing Tetiana Bubynets, 19, a university student, and two others.
They were among the thousands of Ukrainian civilians who have died in Russian airstrikes, but the circumstances of their deaths came with an ominous twist. The drone that killed them was guided by an experimental artificial intelligence system, not a human pilot, according to drone experts, Ukrainian military commanders and the forensic team that examined wreckage from the deadly strike and others in the city.
The drone was programmed by human operators to travel toward a particular gas station, but once it got close, it chose its exact target — most likely propane tanks — on its own, based on its training to recognize such tanks and strike them, the experts and military officials said.
It is a development long watched for in the war in Ukraine, presaging a dystopian future in which killer robots roam the skies making life-or-death decisions that reduce targets to data points.
“This is a risk for the whole world,” said Col. Serhiy Minaiev, the commander of air defenses in Zaporizhzhia. “In a few years, we will be living in a ‘Terminator’ movie. It’s no joke. Machines are making decisions to strike.”…
(11) SUN IS READY FOR ITS CLOSE-UP. [Item by SF Concatenation’s Jonathan Cowie.] The Chris Reeve Superman film had a detailed shot of the Sun. Today’s Nature journal has it for real….
Seething sun
The cover shows the most detailed image of the Sun’s surface taken to date. Captured by David Kuridze, Friedrich Woeger and colleagues using the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope, the image offers a snapshot of the dynamics in the photosphere, the thin layer of the Sun’s atmosphere where its plasma becomes transparent, allowing light to escape. The researchers analyse their observations in this week’s issue, noting that the solar surface seems to be dominated by band-like and vortex-like structures. The team associates these with Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities, rippled structures that form when two fluids slide past each other at different speeds. These instabilities had long been thought to exist on the solar surface, but this is the first time so many have been seen and in such detail, potentially opening fresh avenues of research into the Sun’s magnetically active regions.

(12) VIDEO OF THE DAY. [Item by N.] A critique from Princess Weekes on House of the Dragon‘s handling of Rhaena and Nettles, against the larger backdrop of the tension between fantasy and race: “Why the Rhaena and Nettles Merger Doesn’t Work”.
[Thanks to Chris Barkley, Mark Roth-Whitworth, Kathy Sullivan, N., Paul Weimer, Christopher Hennessy, Steven French, Mike Kennedy, Andrew Porter, John King Tarpinian, Cat Eldridge, and SF Concatenation’s Jonathan Cowie for some of these stories. Title credit belongs to File 770 contributing editor of the day Dan’l.]








































