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John D. Cook Consulting Substack · Aug 7, 2026

Math with big numbers

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John Cook · John D. Cook Consulting Substack

My three latest post all deal with doing math on numbers too large to represent as a standard floating point number.

The first post, The code that didn’t break, starts the series that I wrote naively, then realized it shouldn’t work, then saw that it did work. I learned that Python’s math.log correctly handles large integers for which numpy.log would throw an exception. The post also shows that Python will gladly let you request a floating point number it can’t represent, without giving a warning.

The second post in the series looks at how you would calculate log(1000!) without a software as clever as math.log, and how you could calculate it with no software at all.

The most recent post looks at why calculating cos(200!) is harder than calculating log(200!).

I also wrote a post that doesn’t fall into the math-with-big-numbers theme: Enumerating trees and circles. There is a one-to-one correspondence between rooted trees and ways to arrange non-overlapping circles, and you can see this correspondence as a sort of visual pun.

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