Written by Luca Salvemini
No. 175 - August 9, 2026
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Last Friday, in the holiest site in Islam, the leaders of Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan signed a mutual defense pact. Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Mohammed bin Salman, and Shehbaz Sharif chose Mecca with evident intent: no head of state brings a military signature to the holy city for merely technical reasons.
The agreement conveys an unmistakable message, one that deserves to be read in full.
Three of Washington’s longstanding allies have resolved to provide for their own security.
More than the birth of a novel alliance, it constitutes a verdict on the old American guarantee.
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