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César Soto Valero

César - Computer Scientist

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SDD and the Future of Software Development

AI can now generate code faster than you can humanly read it. But that is not the problem. The problem is ambiguity moving at machine speed. Spec-Driven Development (SDD) makes the specification (a.k.a, the "spec") the primary artifact so AI agents get constraints instead of vague requirements. This post explains what SDD is, why it is rising in popularity now, the three levels of SDD, where it…

Projections for Data-Related Roles in The AI Era

Models are getting easier to train and easier to copy. The scarce skill is owning the whole system: data, deployment, monitoring, governance, and the business outcomes that fall out of it.

Why Creativity Just Became the Most Practical Skill

In an AI-saturated world where execution is cheap, the scarce resource is original framing. This blog post explores how to treat creativity as a practical, trainable skill and how to build it with simple daily habits.

When Answers Get Cheaper, Questions Are Gold

Knowledge is abundant now. The ability to ask insightful questions is becoming increasingly valuable. I believe that mastering the art of questioning can unlock new opportunities and get the most of the current AI landscape. This post dives into techniques, patterns, and anti-patterns I've learned over time from top questioners. It covers real-world examples and best practices targeting both…

Consistently Measure Your Consistency to Beat Talent

I've never considered myself particularly talented at anything. Ever. But I have consistently outworked my peers, and I believe that anyone can outperform their toughest competitors by just being consistent. So, consistency beats talent every time. The secret? Measure your consistency, not just your results. In this post, I share why tracking your consistency is the real key to outperforming even…

I’m Switching to Python and Actually Liking It

I've started writing more Python code lately (because of... AI, you know). In this post, I share the tools, libraries, configs, and other integrations I use for building production-grade Python applications following a frontend-backend architecture.

Evaluation Metrics for Real-Time Financial Fraud Detection ML Models

After training a real-time financial fraud detection model, the next step is to evaluate its performance. This post provides an overview of the most common evaluation metrics and considerations for fraud detection models, including confusion matrix, precision, recall, F1-score, AUC-ROC, AUC-PR, and more.

From Classical ML to DNNs and GNNs for Real-Time Financial Fraud Detection

Financial transaction fraud is a pervasive problem costing institutions and customers billions annually. This survey reviews the current state-of-the-art in real-time transaction fraud detection, spanning both academic research and industry adopted solutions.

Building GenAI Applications Today

Generative AI has taken the world by storm, offering endless opportunities for innovation. But as with any new technology, there are plenty of pitfalls to avoid. In this post, I dive into the current state of AI startups, shedding light on what works, what doesn't, and why. If you're looking to build something with AI, let’s step back and reflect on where it makes sense to innovate and where it…

Why GenAI Will NOT Replace Software Engineers

GenAI systems are becoming more and more capable of performing complex cognitive tasks that were once thought to be uniquely human. In particular, LLMs are proven to be very good at writing code. With all the buzz around GenAI replacing software engineers, are our jobs really at risk? In this article, I dive deep into AI's current capabilities and how they stack up against the demands of…