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Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria

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Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
Native names
  • الإدارة الذاتية الديمقراطية لإقليم شمال وشرق سوريا  (Arabic)
  • Rêveberiya Xweseriya Demokratîk a Herêma Bakur û Rojhilatê Sûriyê  (Kurdish)
  • ܡܕܒܪܢܘܬ݂ܳܐ ܝܬ݂ܝܬܳܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܐܛܝܬܳܐ ܠܩܠܝܡܳܐ ܕܓܪܒܝܳܐ ܘ ܡܕܢܚܳܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܰܐ  (Classical Syriac)
  • Kuzey ve Doğu Suriye Demokratik Özerk Yönetimi Bölgesi  (Turkish)
2012–2026
Flag of North and East Syria
Flag[a]
(2018–2026)
Emblem(2018–2026) of North and East Syria
Emblem[c]
(2018–2026)
StatusQuasi-state[4][5]
Capital
and largest city
Al-Hasakah[d]
36°29′55″N 40°44′45″E / 36.49861°N 40.74583°E / 36.49861; 40.74583
Official languages
GovernmentAutonomous diarchic presidential government
Co-Presidents 
• 2016–2018
Hediya Yousef and Mansur Selum
• 2018–2026
Îlham Ehmed and Mansur Selum
LegislaturePeople's Democratic Council
Historical era
• Established as the Kurdish Supreme Committee
12 July 2012
• Transitional administration declared
2013
• Cantons declare autonomy
January 2014
• Cantons declare federation
17 March 2016
• New administration declared
6 September 2018
13–30 January 2026
• Integration into the Syrian state
20 August 2026
Area
• Total
3,800 sq mi (9,800 km2)(2019)[10]
Population
• 2024 estimate
4,600,000[11]
CurrencySyrian pound (SYP)
Time zoneUTC+3 (Arabia Standard Time)
Driving sideright
Website
daanes.org/en/homepage/
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Ba'athist Syria
Syrian Arab Republic

The Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (DAANES), also known as Rojava,[e] was a de facto autonomous region in northeastern Syria from 2012 until its integration into the Syrian state in 2026. At various points during its existence, it consisted of the self-governing sub-regions of Afrin, Jazira, Euphrates, Raqqa, Tabqa, Manbij, and Deir ez-Zor.[15][16][17][18][19] The region conducted some foreign relations, but was not officially recognized as autonomous by the Syrian government or any other state, although the Parliament of Catalonia recognized it.[20][21]

The region was not officially recognized as autonomous by the government of Syria or other governments, except for the Catalan Parliament at first.[22][23][24] It has widespread support for its democratic, sustainable, equal, and feminist laws.[25][26][27][28] Northeastern Syria is home to diverse ethnic groups including Kurdish, Arab, and Assyrian populations, as well as smaller communities of Turkmen, Armenians, Circassians, and Yazidis.

Turkish and Turkish-backed forces took control of parts of northern Syria through military operations against the SDF. AANES and its SDF have said they will protect all areas under their control from any attacks.[29]

Following the January 2026 northeastern Syria offensive by government forces, up to 80% of the DAANES's territory was captured and subsequently ceded to the Syrian government as part of an integration agreement, culminating in the DAANES's full integration into the Syrian state on 20 August 2026.[30][31][32][33]

Geography

[change | change source]

The region is located west of the Tigris, east of the Euphrates, and south of the Turkish border. It borders Iraq to the southeast and the Iraqi Kurdistan Region to the northeast. The area is mostly flat with some low hills and a few mountains, including Mount Abdulaziz and part of the Sinjar Mountain Range.[34]

It includes parts of the al-Hasakah, Raqqa, Deir ez-Zor, and Aleppo governorates in Syria.[35]

Notes

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ DAANES has recognized and flown the revolution flag (Syria) since 12 December 2024.[1][2][3]
  2. A variety of symbols and flags are used. See Symbols of North and East Syria.
  3. ↑ A variety of symbols and flags are used. See Symbols of North and East Syria.
  4. ↑ Ayn Issa (2012–2026)
    De facto:
    Qamishli (2015–2019)[6][7][8]
  5. ↑ The name "Rojava" ("Western Kurdistan") was initially used by the region's PYD-led government, before its usage was officially dropped in 2016.[12][13][14] Locals and international observers continued to use the term Rojava.

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ @aanes__official (December 12, 2024). "On the occasion of the victory of the will of the Syrians and the overthrow of the oppressive regime, the Democratic Peoples' Council decided to raise the flag of independence on..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  2. ↑ "Syrian flag". Facebook. Archived from the original on 5 January 2026. Retrieved 19 August 2025.
  3. ↑ "AANES adopts flag of Syrian revolution". Enab Baladi. 12 December 2024. Archived from the original on 28 January 2026. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  4. ↑ Williams, Brian Glyn (20 October 2016). Counter Jihad: America's Military Experience in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 300. ISBN 9780812248678.
  5. ↑ Strachota, Krzysztof (9 March 2026). "The dismantling of the Kurdish quasi-state: a new stage in Syria's post-war transformation". OSW Centre for Eastern Studies.
  6. ↑ "A Dream of Secular Utopia in ISIS' Backyard". The New York Times. 29 November 2015. Archived from the original on 8 February 2026. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  7. ↑ Radpey, Loqman (September 2016). "Kurdish Regional Self-rule Administration in Syria: A new Model of Statehood and its Status in International Law Compared to the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) in Iraq". Japanese Journal of Political Science. 17 (3): 468–488. doi:10.1017/S1468109916000190. ISSN 1468-1099.
  8. ↑ "Ain Issa: from an obscure town to SDF headquarters". Enab Baladi. 5 December 2019. Archived from the original on 9 October 2025. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  9. ↑ Social Contract of the Democratic Autonomous Administration of the North and East Syria Region, December 2023, Wikidata Q135457503, archived from the original on 25 February 2026
  10. ↑ "War Statistics / Syrian War Statistics – Syrian Civil War Map". Syrian Civil War Map – Live Middle East Map/ Map of the Syrian Civil War. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  11. ↑ Salih, Mohammed A. (31 January 2024). "Syria's Kurdish Northeast Ratifies a New Constitution". New Lines Magazine. Archived from the original on 7 December 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  12. ↑ Lister (2015), p. 154.
  13. ↑ Allsopp & van Wilgenburg (2019), p. 89.
  14. ↑ "'Rojava' no longer exists, 'Northern Syria' adopted instead". Kurdistan24. Archived from the original on 14 November 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
  15. ↑ Allsopp & van Wilgenburg (2019), pp. 97–98.
  16. ↑ "Electoral Commission publish video of elections 2nd stage". Hawar News. 1 December 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017.
  17. ↑ "Delegation from the Democratic administration of Self-participate of self-participate in the first and second conference of the Shaba region". Cantonafrin.com. 4 February 2016. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
  18. ↑ Allsopp & van Wilgenburg (2019), pp. 11, 95.
  19. ↑ Zabad (2017), pp. 219, 228.
  20. ↑ "Umar: Catalonian recognition of AANES is the beginning". Hawar News Agency. 26 October 2021. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  21. ↑ van Wilgenburg, Wladimir (21 October 2021). "Catalan parliament recognizes administration in northeast Syria". Kurdistan24. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  22. ↑ "Catalan parliament recognizes administration in northeast Syria". web.archive.org. 2021-10-21. Archived from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2024-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  23. ↑ "Assad on the offensive - Syria's war". web.archive.org. 2018-02-23. Archived from the original on 2018-02-23. Retrieved 2024-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  24. ↑ "Umar: Catalonian recognition of AANES is the beginning - ANHA | HAWARNEWS | English". web.archive.org. 2021-10-26. Archived from the original on 2021-10-26. Retrieved 2024-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  25. ↑ "Shahvisi, Arianne (2018). "Beyond Orientalism: Exploring the Distinctive Feminism of democratic confederalism in Rojava" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2024-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  26. ↑ "ANF | German MP Jelpke: Rojava needs help against Corona pandemic". web.archive.org. 2022-05-26. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26. Retrieved 2024-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  27. ↑ Şimşek, Bahar; Jongerden, Joost (2021-07-05). "Gender Revolution in Rojava: The Voices beyond Tabloid Geopolitics". Geopolitics. 26 (4): 1023–1045. doi:10.1080/14650045.2018.1531283. ISSN 1465-0045.
  28. ↑ "Burç, Rosa (22 May 2020). "Non-territorial autonomy and gender equality: The case of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria - Rojava" (PDF).
  29. ↑ "Kurdish-led SDF says Turkish invasion has revived IS, urges no-fly zone | Reuters". web.archive.org. 2022-04-27. Archived from the original on 2022-04-27. Retrieved 2024-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  30. ↑ Hasano, Mahmoud and Taha, Jaidaa (19 January 2026). "Syria government, Kurdish forces agree sweeping integration to end clashes". Reuters. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
  31. ↑ "Syrian Kurdish leader says integration with Damascus complete". Al Arabiya. 20 August 2026. Archived from the original on 21 August 2026. Retrieved 20 August 2026.
  32. ↑ Lister, Tim (18 January 2026). "Syria's military has seized swathes of Kurdish-held territory. Here's what we know". CNN. Archived from the original on 28 January 2026. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
  33. ↑ "22/01 Emergency Update". Rojava Information Center. 23 January 2026. Archived from the original on 31 January 2026. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
  34. ↑ "Rojava". KurdishPeople.Org. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
  35. ↑ Salih, Mohammed A. (2024-01-31). "Syria's Kurdish Northeast Ratifies a New Constitution". New Lines Magazine. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
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