alkali

See also: Alkali, alkáli, and alƙali

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily)der.

Medieval Latin alcalibor.

French alcalibor.

English alkali

From French alcali, from Medieval Latin alcali, ultimately from Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily, “alkali, ashes (in reference to ashes of the saltwort)”), related to قَلَى (qalā, “to roast in a pan, fry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæl.kəˌlaɪ/, enPR: ălʹkə-lī'

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

alkali (countable and uncountable, plural alkalis or alkalies)

1. (chemistry) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.
   • 1846, editorial staff, “CHEMISTRY”, in Scientific American, series 1, Volume 2, Issue 13, page 102:

     Alkalies may be defined as bodies which combine with acids so as to impair or neutralize their activity, and produce what are called salts. They are distinguished by properties the reverse of acids, and the two classes are generally looked upon as antagonist substances.

2. (Western US) Soluble mineral matter, other than common salt, contained in soils of natural waters.

Synonyms

• (chemistry): base

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “chemistry”): acid

Derived terms

• alkalaemia
• alkalamide
• alkalemia
• alkalescent
• alkali basalt
• alkali bee
• alkalibiont
• alkalibiontic
• alkalic
• alkali cellulose
• alkali feldspar
• alkaliferous
• alkali flat
• alkali fly
• alkalify
• alkaligen
• alkaligenous
• alkaligrass
• alkali grass
• alkali green
• alkali metal
• alkalimeter
• alkalimetric
• alkalimetry
• alkaline
• alkalinogenic
• alkalious
• alkaliphile
• alkaliproof
• alkalization
• alkalize
• alkalosis
• antalkali
• bialkali
• caustic alkali
• caustic marine alkali
• caustic volatile alkali
• caustic wood alkali
• chloralkali
• haloalkaliphilic
• milk-alkali syndrome
• superalkali

Related terms

• alkalied
• alkaloid

Descendants

• → Welsh: alcali

Translations

class of caustic bases

• Afrikaans: alkali (af)
• Arabic: قَلَوِيّ m (qalawiyy)
• Armenian: ալկալի (hy) (alkali)
• Azerbaijani: qələvi
• Basque: alkali
• Belarusian: шчо́лач f (ščólač), луг m (luh)
• Bulgarian: основа (bg) f (osnova)
• Catalan: àlcali m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 鹼 / 碱 (zh) (jiǎn)

• Czech: alkálie f
• Danish: alkali n
• Dutch: alkali (nl) n
• Esperanto: alkalo
• Estonian: leelis, alkali (et)
• Finnish: alkali (fi), emäs (fi)
• French: alcali (fr) m
• Georgian: ტუტე (ṭuṭe), ტუტემიწა (ṭuṭemic̣a)
• German: Alkali n
• Greek: αλκαλίο n (alkalío)
• Hebrew: אלקלי (he) m (alkali)
• Hungarian: alkáli (hu), lúg (hu)
• Indonesian: alkali (id)
• Irish: alcaile f
• Italian: alcali (it) m, base (it) f
• Japanese: アルカリ (ja) (arukari)
• Kazakh: сілті (silti)
• Khmer: អាល់កាលី (ʼalkaalii)
• Korean: 알칼리 (ko) (alkalli)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: qilê (ku), qela (ku), tift (ku)

• Latvian: sārmi m
• Lithuanian: šarmas m
• Macedonian: алкално n (alkalno)
• Malay: alkali (ms)
• Māori: waipāhua
• Navajo: łeeyáán
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: alkali n

  Nynorsk: alkali n

• Occitan: alcalí m
• Odia: କ୍ଷାର (or) (kṣāra)
• Ossetian: изгӕрт (izgært)
• Persian: قلیا (fa) (qaliyâ), شخار (fa) (šaxâr)
• Polish: alkalia f
• Portuguese: álcali (pt) m
• Romanian: alcaliu (ro) n
• Russian: щёлочь (ru) f (ščóločʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: алкалије f, база f

  Latin: alkalije f, baza (sh) f

• Slovak: alkálie f
• Slovene: alkalija f
• Sogdian: ܘܝݍܬܪܝ (wižtarγ)
• Spanish: álcali (es) m
• Swedish: alkali (sv) c, alkalie (sv) c
• Telugu: క్షారము (te) (kṣāramu)
• Thai: ด่าง (th) (dàang)
• Turkish: alkali (tr)
• Ukrainian: луг m (luh)
• Vietnamese: kiềm (vi)
• Welsh: alcali m

See also

• caustic
• pH

References

• “Alcali”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
• "alcali", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

alkali (plural alkalis or alkalië)

1. (chemistry) alkali

Synonyms

• basis

Antonyms

• suur

Derived terms

• alkalies
• alkaligehalte
• alkalireeks

Danish

Etymology

From Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily).

Noun

alkali n (singular definite alkaliet, plural indefinite alkalier)

1. (chemistry) an alkali

Related terms

• alkalisk

References

• “alkali” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French alcali, from Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɑlˈkaː.li/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: al‧ka‧li

Noun

alkali n (plural alkaliën, no diminutive)

1. (chemistry) alkali

Synonyms

• basis

Antonyms

• zuur

Derived terms

• alkalimetaal
• alkalose
• alkaloïde

Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see French alcali).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑlkɑli/, [ˈɑ̝lkɑ̝li]
• Rhymes: -ɑlkɑli
• Syllabification^(key): al‧ka‧li
• Hyphenation^(key): al‧ka‧li

Noun

alkali

1. (chemistry) synonym of emäs

Usage notes

• In Finnish alkali refers to bases in general. In English, it usually refers to a subgroup of bases as defined in the English section of this article.

Declension

Inflection of alkali (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
nominative		alkali	alkalit
genitive		alkalin	alkalien alkaleiden alkaleitten
partitive		alkalia	alkaleita alkaleja
illative		alkaliin	alkaleihin
		singular	plural
nominative		alkali	alkalit
accusative	nom.	alkali	alkalit
	gen.	alkalin
genitive		alkalin	alkalien alkaleiden alkaleitten
partitive		alkalia	alkaleita alkaleja
inessive		alkalissa	alkaleissa
elative		alkalista	alkaleista
illative		alkaliin	alkaleihin
adessive		alkalilla	alkaleilla
ablative		alkalilta	alkaleilta
allative		alkalille	alkaleille
essive		alkalina	alkaleina
translative		alkaliksi	alkaleiksi
abessive		alkalitta	alkaleitta
instructive		—	alkalein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of alkali (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative alkalini alkalini accusative nom. alkalini alkalini gen. alkalini genitive alkalini alkalieni alkaleideni alkaleitteni partitive alkaliani alkaleitani alkalejani inessive alkalissani alkaleissani elative alkalistani alkaleistani illative alkaliini alkaleihini adessive alkalillani alkaleillani ablative alkaliltani alkaleiltani allative alkalilleni alkaleilleni essive alkalinani alkaleinani translative alkalikseni alkaleikseni abessive alkalittani alkaleittani instructive — — comitative — alkaleineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative alkalisi alkalisi accusative nom. alkalisi alkalisi gen. alkalisi genitive alkalisi alkaliesi alkaleidesi alkaleittesi partitive alkaliasi alkaleitasi alkalejasi inessive alkalissasi alkaleissasi elative alkalistasi alkaleistasi illative alkaliisi alkaleihisi adessive alkalillasi alkaleillasi ablative alkaliltasi alkaleiltasi allative alkalillesi alkaleillesi essive alkalinasi alkaleinasi translative alkaliksesi alkaleiksesi abessive alkalittasi alkaleittasi instructive — — comitative — alkaleinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative alkalimme alkalimme accusative nom. alkalimme alkalimme gen. alkalimme genitive alkalimme alkaliemme alkaleidemme alkaleittemme partitive alkaliamme alkaleitamme alkalejamme inessive alkalissamme alkaleissamme elative alkalistamme alkaleistamme illative alkaliimme alkaleihimme adessive alkalillamme alkaleillamme ablative alkaliltamme alkaleiltamme allative alkalillemme alkaleillemme essive alkalinamme alkaleinamme translative alkaliksemme alkaleiksemme abessive alkalittamme alkaleittamme instructive — — comitative — alkaleinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative alkalinne alkalinne accusative nom. alkalinne alkalinne gen. alkalinne genitive alkalinne alkalienne alkaleidenne alkaleittenne partitive alkalianne alkaleitanne alkalejanne inessive alkalissanne alkaleissanne elative alkalistanne alkaleistanne illative alkaliinne alkaleihinne adessive alkalillanne alkaleillanne ablative alkaliltanne alkaleiltanne allative alkalillenne alkaleillenne essive alkalinanne alkaleinanne translative alkaliksenne alkaleiksenne abessive alkalittanne alkaleittanne instructive — — comitative — alkaleinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative alkalinsa alkalinsa accusative nom. alkalinsa alkalinsa gen. alkalinsa genitive alkalinsa alkaliensa alkaleidensa alkaleittensa partitive alkaliaan alkaliansa alkaleitaan alkalejaan alkaleitansa alkalejansa inessive alkalissaan alkalissansa alkaleissaan alkaleissansa elative alkalistaan alkalistansa alkaleistaan alkaleistansa illative alkaliinsa alkaleihinsa adessive alkalillaan alkalillansa alkaleillaan alkaleillansa ablative alkaliltaan alkaliltansa alkaleiltaan alkaleiltansa allative alkalilleen alkalillensa alkaleilleen alkaleillensa essive alkalinaan alkalinansa alkaleinaan alkaleinansa translative alkalikseen alkaliksensa alkaleikseen alkaleiksensa abessive alkalittaan alkalittansa alkaleittaan alkaleittansa instructive — — comitative — alkaleineen alkaleinensa

Derived terms

• alkalialbuminaatti
• alkalimaa
• alkalimetalli
• alkalimetria
• alkalinen
• alkaliparisto
• alkalisuola
• alkaloida

Related terms

• alkaloidi

Further reading

• “alkali”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔàl.káː.líː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ʔàl.káː.líː]

Noun

àlkālī m (plural àlkā̀lai, possessed form àlkālin)

1. alternative form of alƙali

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch alkali, from French alcali, ultimately from Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily, “alkali, ashes of the saltwort”), related to قَلَى (qalā, “to roast in a pan, fry”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /alˈkali/ [alˈka.li]
• Rhymes: -ali
• Syllabification: al‧ka‧li

Noun

alkali (plural alkali-alkali)

1. (chemistry) alkali, a group of bases from alkali metal group
2. (chemistry) base, any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts

   Synonym: basa

3. (chemistry) potassium

   Synonyms: kalium, potasium

Derived terms

• kealkalian

Further reading

• “alkali”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily).

Noun

alkali n (definite singular alkaliet, indefinite plural alkali or alkalier, definite plural alkalia or alkaliene)

1. (chemistry) an alkali

Derived terms

• alkalimetall
• alkalisk
• alkalitet
• alkaloid

References

• “alkali” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily).

Noun

alkali n (definite singular alkaliet, indefinite plural alkali, definite plural alkalia)

1. (chemistry) an alkali

Derived terms

• alkalimetall
• alkalisk
• alkalitet
• alkaloid

References

• “alkali” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from French alcali or Spanish álcali, from Arabic الْقِلْي (al-qily).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /alˈka.li/
• Rhymes: -ali
• Syllabification: al‧ka‧li

Noun

alkali n (indeclinable)

1. obsolete form of alkalia

Further reading

• “alkali”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[2] (in Polish)

Swahili

Alternative forms

• alikali

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily)der.

Medieval Latin alcalibor.

French alcalibor.

English alkalibor.

Swahili alkali

Borrowed from English alkali.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

alkali class IX (plural alkali class X)

1. alkali

Swedish

Etymology

From Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily).

Noun

alkali c

1. (chemistry) an alkali

Declension

Declension of alkali

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	alkali	alkalis
	definite	alkalien	alkaliens
plural	indefinite	alkalier	alkaliers
	definite	alkalierna	alkaliernas

Synonyms

• alkalie

Related terms

• alkalisk

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish álcali, from Andalusian Arabic, from Arabic الْقِلْي (al-qily).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔalkali/ [ˌʔal.k̠ɐˈlɪ]
• Rhymes: -alkali
• Syllabification: al‧ka‧li

Noun

álkalí (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜃᜎᜒ)

1. (chemistry) alkali

   Synonyms: base, (neologism) alka

2. soda ash
3. lye

   Synonym: lehiya

Derived terms

• metal na alkali

Related terms

• alkalimetro
• alkalina
• alkalinidad
• alkalinisado
• alkalinisasyon
• alkalino
• alkalisado
• alkalisasyon
• alkaloyde

See also

• asido
• sosa

Further reading

• “alkali”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972), Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 21

Turkish

Noun

alkali (definite accusative alkaliyi, plural alkaliler)

1. alkali

Declension

Declension of alkali

singular plural nominative alkali alkaliler definite accusative alkaliyi alkalileri dative alkaliye alkalilere locative alkalide alkalilerde ablative alkaliden alkalilerden genitive alkalinin alkalilerin Possessive forms nominative singular plural 1st singular alkalim alkalilerim 2nd singular alkalin alkalilerin 3rd singular alkalisi alkalileri 1st plural alkalimiz alkalilerimiz 2nd plural alkaliniz alkalileriniz 3rd plural alkalileri alkalileri definite accusative singular plural 1st singular alkalimi alkalilerimi 2nd singular alkalini alkalilerini 3rd singular alkalisini alkalilerini 1st plural alkalimizi alkalilerimizi 2nd plural alkalinizi alkalilerinizi 3rd plural alkalilerini alkalilerini dative singular plural 1st singular alkalime alkalilerime 2nd singular alkaline alkalilerine 3rd singular alkalisine alkalilerine 1st plural alkalimize alkalilerimize 2nd plural alkalinize alkalilerinize 3rd plural alkalilerine alkalilerine locative singular plural 1st singular alkalimde alkalilerimde 2nd singular alkalinde alkalilerinde 3rd singular alkalisinde alkalilerinde 1st plural alkalimizde alkalilerimizde 2nd plural alkalinizde alkalilerinizde 3rd plural alkalilerinde alkalilerinde ablative singular plural 1st singular alkalimden alkalilerimden 2nd singular alkalinden alkalilerinden 3rd singular alkalisinden alkalilerinden 1st plural alkalimizden alkalilerimizden 2nd plural alkalinizden alkalilerinizden 3rd plural alkalilerinden alkalilerinden genitive singular plural 1st singular alkalimin alkalilerimin 2nd singular alkalinin alkalilerinin 3rd singular alkalisinin alkalilerinin 1st plural alkalimizin alkalilerimizin 2nd plural alkalinizin alkalilerinizin 3rd plural alkalilerinin alkalilerinin

References

• “alkali”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu