Portal:Chess

Welcome to the Chess Portal

Introduction

Left to right: white king, black rook, black queen, white pawn, black knight, white bishop

Chess is a board game for two players, played on a square board consisting of 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as "White" and "Black", each control sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns, with each piece type having a different pattern of movement. An enemy piece may be captured (removed from the board) by moving one's own piece onto the square it occupies. The objective of the game is to checkmate (threaten with inescapable capture) the enemy king. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw.

The recorded history of chess dates back to the emergence of chaturanga in 7th-century India. Chaturanga is also thought to be an ancestor of similar games like janggi, xiangqi, and shogi. After its introduction to Persia, it spread to the Arab world and then to Europe. The modern rules of chess emerged in Europe at the end of the 15th century, becoming standardized and gaining universal acceptance by the end of the 19th century. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games, with millions of players worldwide.

Organized chess arose in the 19th century. International chess competitions today are governed by the International Chess Federation FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs). The first universally recognized World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, claimed his title in 1886; Gukesh Dommaraju is the current World Champion, having won the title in 2024. (Full article...)

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Botvinnik in 1962

Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik (Russian: Михаи́л Моисе́евич Ботви́нник; IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil məɪˈsʲejɪvʲɪdʑ‿bɐˈtvʲinʲːɪk]; August 17 [O.S. August 4] 1911 – May 5, 1995) was a Soviet and Russian chess grandmaster who held five world titles in three different reigns. The sixth World Chess Champion, he also worked as an electrical engineer and computer scientist and was a pioneer in computer chess, the last of which he was awarded an honorary mathematics degree for.

Botvinnik was the first world-class player to develop within the Soviet Union. He played a major role in the organization of chess, making a significant contribution to the design of the World Chess Championship system after World War II and becoming a leading member of the coaching system that enabled the Soviet Union to dominate top-class chess during that time. His pupils include World Champions Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov, and Vladimir Kramnik. He is often described as the patriarch of the Soviet chess school and is revered for his analytical approach to chess. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various chess-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1World Champions José Raúl Capablanca (left) and Emanuel Lasker in 1925 (from History of chess)
Image 2Thomas Eakins, 1876, The Chess Players (from Chess in the arts)
Image 3A Chess Dispute (1903) (from Chess in the arts)
Image 4Current world champion Gukesh Dommaraju (from History of chess)
Image 5Krishna and Radha playing chaturanga on an 8×8 ashtāpada (from History of chess)
Image 6The 12th-century Lewis chessmen in the collection of the National Museum of Scotland (from History of chess)
Image 7Some of the earliest examples of chess-related art are medieval illustrations accompanying books or manuscripts, such as this chess problem from the 1283 Libro de los juegos. (from Chess in the arts)
Image 8Pieces designed by Man Ray (from Chess in the arts)
Image 9Iranian courtiers of the Qajar dynasty playing chess in Mazandaran (from History of chess)
Image 10Stamp of the USSR devoted to the accomplished Estonian player and analyst Paul Keres, 1991 (from History of chess)
Image 11These seven ivory chess pieces are the oldest known, dating to about 700 CE. The ivory came from India. They were excavated in 1977 by archaeologist Yuriy Buryakov, at Afrasiyab in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. They are housed today at the Samarkand State Museum. Photographed during a loan of the pieces to the Silk Roads Exhibition at the British Museum. (from History of chess)
Image 12Niccolò di Pietro, 1413–15, The Conversion of Saint Augustin, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon (from Chess in the arts)
Image 13Edward Harrison May, 1867, Lady Howe mating Benjamin Franklin (from Chess in the arts)
Image 14Final match of the 1575 tournament in El Escorial. Painting by Luigi Mussini. (from History of chess)
Image 15Sofonisba Anguissola, The Chess Game, 1555, National Museum, Poznań, Poland (from Chess in the arts)
Image 16Iranian shatranj set, glazed fritware, 12th century, New York Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of chess)
Image 17Moors from Andalusia playing chess, Book of Games by King Alfonso X, 1283 (from History of chess)
Image 18Richard Creifelds, c. 1886, The Veterans, Brooklyn Museum (from Chess in the arts)
Image 19Persian manuscript from the 14th century describing how an ambassador from India brought chess to the Persian court (from History of chess)
Image 20An illustration from a Persian manuscript "A treatise on chess". The Ambassadors from India present the Chatrang to Khosrow I Anushirwan, "Immortal Soul", King of Persia. (from History of chess)
Image 21Bobby Fischer vs. Mikhail Tal (from History of chess)
Image 22Lucas van Leyden, c. 1508, The Game of Chess, oil on oak, 27 x 35 cm, Gemäldegalerie, Berlin (from Chess in the arts)
Image 23Paris Bordone, c. 1545, Chess players, oil on canvas, Mailand, Wohnhaus (from Chess in the arts)
Image 24Liberale da Verona, The Chess Players, c. 1475 (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) (from Chess in the arts)
Image 25Antonis Mor, 1549, Von Sachsen vs. a Spaniard (from Chess in the arts)
Image 26Honoré Daumier, 1863, The Chess Players (from Chess in the arts)
Image 27Bauhaus chess set by Josef Hartwig (from Chess in the arts)
Image 28Cocowood chess set (Philippine craft) (from Chess in the arts)
Image 29Book of the customs of men and the duties of nobles or the Book of Chess (1473) (from Chess in the arts)
Image 30Shams-i Tabrīzī as portrayed in a 1500 painting in a page of a copy of Rumi's poem dedicated to Shams (from History of chess)
Image 31Zulfi Bhutto gifted this carved ivory set to Gerald Ford in 1975. (from Chess in the arts)
Image 32John Lavery, 1929, The Chess Players (from Chess in the arts)
Image 33The Chess Players by Henry Fox Talbot, 1847 (from History of chess)
Image 34Karel van Mander, 1600 (attributed to), Les joueurs d'échecs (from Chess in the arts)
Image 35RZA at a Hip Hop Chess Federation Tournament (from Chess in the arts)
Image 36Hans Muelich, 1552, Duke Albrecht V. of Bavaria and his wife Anna of Austria playing chess (from Chess in the arts)
Image 37Animation of the Immortal Game, in which Adolf Anderssen, playing White, beat Lionel Kieseritzky in June 1851 (from History of chess)
Image 38Two Georgian writers, Ilia Chavchavadze and Ivane Machabeli, playing chess in Saint Petersburg, 1873 (from Chess in the arts)
Image 39Chess game between Tha'ālibī and Bākhazarī, 1896 painting by Ludwig Deutsch (from History of chess)
Image 40Wilhelm Steinitz, the first official World Chess Champion (from History of chess)
Image 41Moors from Andalusia playing chess, Book of Games by King Alfonso X, 1283 (from Chess in the arts)

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FIDE world ranking

Rank	Player	Rating
1	Magnus Carlsen	2823
2	Fabiano Caruana	2792
3	Hikaru Nakamura	2792
4	Javokhir Sindarov	2777
5	Vincent Keymer	2767
6	Wesley So	2765
7	Anish Giri	2764
8	Nodirbek Abdusattorov	2762
9	Arjun Erigaisi	2759
10	Alireza Firouzja	2757
11	Wei Yi	2752
12	R Praggnanandhaa	2750
13	Jan-Krzysztof Duda	2743
14	Viswanathan Anand	2739
15	Ding Liren	2733
16	Lê Quang Liêm	2732
17	Leinier Domínguez	2732
18	Richárd Rapport	2729
19	Jorden van Foreest	2728
20	Amin Tabatabaei	2726

Did you know...

... that the Chess World Cup 1988–1989 featured a game of human chess between Anatoly Karpov and Jan Timman?
... that there have been attempts to make chess an Olympic sport since at least 1924?

Reviewed articles

Featured articles	Good articles
First-move advantage in chess	42nd Chess Olympiad	Goryachkina, Aleksandra
Gossip, George H. D.	43rd Chess Olympiad	Guramishvili, Sopiko
List of female chess grandmasters	Abdumalik, Zhansaya	Kazarian, Anna-Maja
Mechanical Turk	Alekhine, Alexander	Kristjánsson, Stefán
44th Chess Olympiad	Anderssen, Adolf	Lasker, Emanuel
	Belenkaya, Dina	Mammadzada, Gunay
	Bindrich, Falko	Milner-Barry, Stuart
	Blübaum, Matthias	Modern Benoni
	Budapest Gambit	Muzychuk, Anna
	Bughouse chess	Nadanian, Ashot
	Carlsen, Magnus	Rudolf, Anna
	Chess in Armenia	Rules of chess
	Cramling, Anna	Staunton, Howard
	Deep Blue (Chess computer)	Steinitz, Wilhelm
	En passant	Turochamp
	Endgame tablebase	World Chess Championship 1972
	Fischer, Bobby	Zhou, Qiyu