wal2json

Overview

Version

Install

You can install wal2json directly. First, make sure the PGDG repository is added and enabled:

pig repo add pgdg -u          # Add PGDG repo and update cache

Install the extension using pig or apt/yum/dnf:

pig install wal2json;          # Install for current active PG version

pig ext install -y wal2json -v 18  # PG 18
pig ext install -y wal2json -v 17  # PG 17
pig ext install -y wal2json -v 16  # PG 16
pig ext install -y wal2json -v 15  # PG 15
pig ext install -y wal2json -v 14  # PG 14

dnf install -y wal2json_18       # PG 18
dnf install -y wal2json_17       # PG 17
dnf install -y wal2json_16       # PG 16
dnf install -y wal2json_15       # PG 15
dnf install -y wal2json_14       # PG 14

apt install -y postgresql-18-wal2json   # PG 18
apt install -y postgresql-17-wal2json   # PG 17
apt install -y postgresql-16-wal2json   # PG 16
apt install -y postgresql-15-wal2json   # PG 15
apt install -y postgresql-14-wal2json   # PG 14

This extension does not require CREATE EXTENSION

Usage

wal2json: Changing data capture in JSON format

A logical decoding output plugin that produces JSON-formatted change data capture from the PostgreSQL WAL.

Configuration

In postgresql.conf:

wal_level = logical
max_replication_slots = 10
max_wal_senders = 10

Using with Streaming Protocol (pg_recvlogical)

# Create a replication slot
pg_recvlogical -d postgres --slot test_slot --create-slot -P wal2json

# Start consuming changes
pg_recvlogical -d postgres --slot test_slot --start -o pretty-print=1 -f -

# Drop the slot when done
pg_recvlogical -d postgres --slot test_slot --drop-slot

Using with SQL Functions

-- Create a logical replication slot
SELECT * FROM pg_create_logical_replication_slot('test_slot', 'wal2json');

-- Peek at changes (does not consume)
SELECT data FROM pg_logical_slot_peek_changes('test_slot', NULL, NULL);

-- Get and consume changes
SELECT data FROM pg_logical_slot_get_changes('test_slot', NULL, NULL,
    'pretty-print', '1');

-- Drop the slot
SELECT pg_drop_replication_slot('test_slot');

Output Format v1 (JSON per transaction)

{
  "change": [
    {
      "kind": "insert",
      "schema": "public",
      "table": "my_table",
      "columnnames": ["a", "b"],
      "columntypes": ["integer", "text"],
      "columnvalues": [1, "hello"]
    },
    {
      "kind": "delete",
      "schema": "public",
      "table": "my_table",
      "oldkeys": {
        "keynames": ["a"],
        "keytypes": ["integer"],
        "keyvalues": [1]
      }
    }
  ]
}

Output Format v2 (JSON per tuple)

Enable with: 'format-version', '2'

Key Parameters

• include-xids - add transaction ID (default: false)
• include-timestamp - add timestamp (default: false)
• include-schemas - add schema name (default: true)
• include-types - add column types (default: true)
• include-pk - add primary key info (default: false)
• include-lsn - add WAL LSN (default: false)
• include-not-null - add NOT NULL info (default: false)
• include-default - add default expressions (default: false)
• pretty-print - format JSON output (default: false)
• filter-tables - comma-separated list of tables to include
• add-tables - same as filter-tables
• filter-msg-prefixes - filter logical messages by prefix
• format-version - 1 (per-transaction) or 2 (per-tuple)
• actions - filter by action type: insert, update, delete, truncate