Interactive Oracle Proofs of Proximity (IOPP) zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) Nov 06, 2025 tl;dr: A relaxation of IOPs that is central to hash-based proof systems like FRI, STIR1 and WHIR. $ $ References For cited works, see below 👇👇 STIR: Reed–Solomon Proximity Testing with Fewer Queries, by Gal Arnon and Alessandro Chiesa and Giacomo Fenzi and Eylon Yogev, in Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2024/390, 2024, [URL] ↩ PREVIOUSIOPsNEXTPIOPs