Let them grapple!”
That was the entire answer.
I had asked—genuinely curious—how I was supposed to teach “critical thinking” in my ESL classroom when the students didn’t yet have the background knowledge to think about anything. The facilitator smiled, pleased with herself, as if “grappling” were a strategy and not just a euphemism for flai…
Ania Karwowska Substack · Jun 20, 2025
Against the Grain: A Scientific Critique of ‘Critical Thinking’, ‘Child as Scientist’, and Neuroeducation Myths in Pedagogical Discourse
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Let them grapple!”

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