
What Leverage Actually Is in a Hedge Fund: Gross, Net, and Why 6x Is Normal
A fund at 4x was liquidated in July. Platforms at 11x lost around 2%. The arithmetic behind that gap.
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A fund at 4x was liquidated in July. Platforms at 11x lost around 2%. The arithmetic behind that gap.

One firm booked $39.6bn with 3,500 people. Another runs $87bn of someone else's money. The difference decides your compensation.

Four payments, five strategy families, and the reason they all drew down together in March

Non-bank liquidity providers held 1.6% of global trading revenue in 2010. They now hold 20%, and the old map no longer describes the industry.

Citadel's funds produced $56.8bn in gross gains and investors kept $30bn. The gap explains the entire platform model.

Payout percentages, drawdown limits and turnover rates at Citadel, Millennium and Jane Street, and the year the choice closes

Millennium replaces 15% to 20% of its portfolio managers every year. The offer letter is the least informative number in the package.

A $300,000 outcome in a seat that clears $1.5m when the strategy works.

What Actually Happens Behind the Glass Doors at Citadel, Millennium, Balyasny, and Point72

Jane Street's $400k to $700k first year, Millennium's 2.3-year median tenure, and the present value of everything between them

A $50M payout requires a $2.3bn book. The average Millennium pod runs $250M. Here is what closes the gap.