Platformed Patronage in Indonesian Elections: WhatsApp Groups, Digital Intermediaries, and Clientelistic Mobilization

Section: Research Articles Keywords: Clientelism, Digital Intermediaries, Electoral Mobilization, Platformed Patronage, WhatsApp Groups This article examines how clientelistic political practices are reorganized through digital platforms in Indonesian electoral politics. Existing studies of patronage and clientelism in Indonesia have largely emphasized face-to-face brokerage, vote-buying, local…