Recognising information feels like knowing it, but it is a different cognitive operation from retrieving it

When you see a text a second or third time you recognise it, and that feeling of recognition is easily mistaken for actual understanding. This is the fluency illusion : the ease of processing something gets read as a measure of how well you know it. Rereading and highlighting raise how easy something feels right now ( retrieval strength ), but they barely build the deeper storage that remains once…