Snail-shell-derived biochar for the adsorption of petroleum pollutants from wastewater: Perspective from computational studies

Para-chlorophenols (PCPs) are toxic and persistent, chlorinated aromatics that are prevalent in industrial and petroleum-contaminated wastewater, which has serious environmental and health impacts because of their bioaccumulative and recalcitrant properties. The study aims to design and test chemically activated snail shell biochars (SSB) as an effective PCP remedial material, combining the…