# fhe (blogs) — RSS Amplifier Recent posts from the 4 feeds in the RSS Amplifier directory that cover fhe. Page: Feed: --- ## [I Built a Private Genomics Study with Stoffel MPC](https://vishakh.blog/2026/07/21/i-built-a-private-genomics-study-with-stoffel-mpc/) _2026-07-22 · vishakh64c8d901e3 · Vishakh's Blog_ Most genomic studies begin by asking participants to upload one of the most identifying and irrevocable pieces of data they own, their DNA. I continue to investigate whether multi-party computation can offer a different model, one in which a study can produce useful results without anyone collecting the participants’ genomes in the first place. That \[…\] ## [More whimsical OEIS sequences](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2026-05-22-1528/) _2026-05-22 · Math ∩ Programming_ Here are some more whimsical OEIS sequences I came across. XKCD 2016 joked that “OEIS keeps rejecting my submissions,” including one that gives “Integers in increasing order of width when printed in Helvetica.” Well, two days after that comic was published (2018-07-09), Hugo Pfoertner published A316600, with a very precise definition. Then he did Arial. Randall Munroe… ## [CKKS — Polynomials, the Canonical Embedding, and Encoding](https://www.jeremykun.com/2026/04/29/ckks-polynomials-the-canonical-embedding-and-encoding/) _2026-04-29 · Math ∩ Programming_ Table of Contents In this tutorial series, I will introduce the CKKS homomorphic encryption scheme from the ground up, in rather intricate detail. Each article in this series corresponds to a pull request on a GitHub repository. The code for this article is in this pull request. Follow along by cloning the repository and checking out the code at the relevant commit. This first article will cover… ## [Unusual uses of OEIS sequences on GitHub](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2026-04-13-0700/) _2026-04-13 · Math ∩ Programming_ I went hunting for references to the OEIS in open source code, and found some weird ones. There are not one, but two live-coding music frameworks that use OEIS sequences as a source for “anything that can be sequenced” in music. I’m guessing that’s used for choosing pseudorandom melodies, interesting rhythyms, or how to overlap tracks in different ways. The first project is… ## [The OEIS meta sequence and subway stations](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2026-04-09-0556/) _2026-04-09 · Math ∩ Programming_ A051070 is a sequence about OEIS sequences. a(n) is the n-th term in sequence A\_n (or -1 if A\_n doesn’t have enough terms). So the first term in A051070 is 1 because A000001 is the number of groups of order n, and that sequence has 1 as its entry in index 1. A000002 is the Kolakoski sequence (what? For another time) and has value 2 in entry 2. The sequence continues: 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 3, 0, 7,… ## [Deterministic Primality Testing for Limited Bit Width](https://www.jeremykun.com/2026/04/07/deterministic-miller-rabin/) _2026-04-07 · Math ∩ Programming_ Problem: Determine if a 32-bit number is prime (deterministically) Solution: (in C++) // Bases to test. Using the first 4 prime bases makes the test deterministic // for all 32-bit integers. See https://oeis.org/A014233. int64\_t bases\[\] = {2, 3, 5, 7}; inline int countTrailingZeros(uint64\_t n) { if (n == 0) return 64; return \_\_builtin\_ctzll(n); } int64\_t modularExponentiation(int64\_t base, int64\_t… ## [The Irrational Decision—A Book Review](https://www.jeremykun.com/2026/04/01/irrational-decision-book-review/) _2026-04-01 · Math ∩ Programming_ It’s the 5th annual April Cools! Here are my previous April Cools articles This year it’s a book review of Ben Recht’s book, The Irrational Decision: How We Gave Computers the Power to Choose For us, released Mar 10, 2026. The publishing industry has a stupid name for the subcategory of non-fiction book where a domain expert weaves factual evidence together into a story to try to… ## [Bicyclic Matrix-Matrix Multiplication in Fully Homomorphic Encryption](https://www.jeremykun.com/2025/11/17/bicyclic-matrix-matrix-multiplication-in-fully-homomorphic-encryption/) _2025-11-17 · Math ∩ Programming_ In an earlier article, I covered the basic technique for performing matrix-vector multiplication in fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), known as the Halevi-Shoup diagonal method. This article covers a more recent method for matrix-matrix multiplication known as the bicyclic method. The code implementing this method is in the same GitHub repository as the previous article, and the bicyclic method… ## [Integer Set Library (ISL) - A Primer](https://www.jeremykun.com/2025/10/19/isl-a-primer/) _2025-10-19 · Math ∩ Programming_ Polyhedral optimization is a tool used in compilers for optimizing loop nests. While the major compilers that use this implement polyhedral optimizations from scratch,1 there is a generally-applicable open source C library called the Integer Set Library (ISL) that implements the core algorithms used in polyhedral optimization. This article gives an overview of a subset of ISL, mainly focusing on… ## [Lessons from using FHE to build a Secure Consumer App](https://vishakh.blog/2025/08/06/lessons-from-using-fhe-to-build-a-secure-consumer-app/) _2025-08-07 · vishakh64c8d901e3 · Vishakh's Blog_ Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a cryptographic technique which allows computation over encrypted data. This almost magical ability to allow third parties to process information without being able to see it has the potential to greatly enhance privacy and security of applications on the Internet. For the past year, my colleagues and I have been \[…\] ## [AI publishing with human taste (Sponsored)](https://crawlproof.com/a/daSoiboNfUZq) _2025-08-07 · **Sponsored**_ Convert AI research into blogs, podcasts, and newsletters with optional human review. ## [FHE@PDX 2025](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-07-25-0956/) _2025-07-25 · Math ∩ Programming_ On Monday, July 14th 2025, I hosted a mini-workshop on homomorphic encryption at Google’s Portland, Oregon office. Though Portland is a small city, it’s becoming a hub for homomorphic encryption. Intel and Google both have a presence here, as well as the hardware startup Niobium, and a few individuals from other companies who happen to be based here. Since I had been having lunch with… ## [FHE@PDX 2025](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-07-25-0956/) _2025-07-25 · Math ∩ Programming_ On Monday, July 14th 2025, I hosted a mini-workshop on homomorphic encryption at Google’s Portland, Oregon office. Though Portland is a small city, it’s becoming a hub for homomorphic encryption. Intel and Google both have a presence here, as well as the hardware startup Niobium, and a few individuals from other companies who happen to be based here. Since I had been having lunch with… ## [Frequently Asked Questions about FHE](https://www.jeremykun.com/frequently-asked-questions-about-fhe/) _2025-07-18 · Math ∩ Programming_ I work on homomorphic encryption (HE or FHE for “fully” homomorphic encryption) and I have written a lot about it on this blog (see the relevant tag). This article is a collection of short answers to questions I see on various threads and news aggregators discussing FHE. Facts If a service uses FHE and can respond to encrypted queries, can’t the service see your query? How is it… ## [Using MPC for Anonymous and Private DNA Analysis](https://vishakh.blog/2025/07/08/using-mpc-for-anonymous-and-private-dna-analysis/) _2025-07-08 · vishakh64c8d901e3 · Vishakh's Blog_ Earlier this year, Monadic DNA kicked off an experiment to demonstrate that people can access and analyze their genetic data with anonymity and privacy. Monadic DNA collected saliva samples from thirty encrypted genomics pioneers at an event in Denver. These participants later used a Web app to claim their genotyping results using a unique kit \[…\] ## [Leibniz's Dream and Dijkstra's nightmare](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-05-13-2107/) _2025-05-13 · Math ∩ Programming_ I was inspired to browse some of Edsger Dijkstra’s essays today, and came across his speech, “Under the spell of Leibniz’s Dream”. It’s the sort of personal history I love to read, which gives one person’s sense of the world over a period of change. One quote that immediately struck me was his view of his country’s spirit after WWII: An important… ## [My Graduate Career in Math](https://www.jeremykun.com/2025/05/12/my-graduate-career-in-math/) _2025-05-12 · Math ∩ Programming_ Editor’s note: This essay was originally published on Medium on 2016-03-05. I have made minor edits in this republishing and added a few small retrospective notes. 2010–2011 (Year 0) I had just switched my major at Cal Poly State University from computer science to math. I wanted to double major but California was in a budget crisis and a few weeks before I tried submitting my double-major… ## [HEIR talk at FHE.org](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-04-15-1239/) _2025-04-15 · Math ∩ Programming_ Last month I gave a talk on the HEIR compiler project at the FHE.org conference in Sofia, Bulgaria. The video is on YouTube now, and the slides are public. I plan to write more about HEIR in the coming months, because it’s been an exciting and fulfilling ride! ## [Does Baby Have Hat](https://www.jeremykun.com/2025/04/01/does-baby-have-hat/) _2025-04-01 · Math ∩ Programming_ It’s April Cools! Last year I wrote about parenting, in 2023 about friendship bracelets. and in 2022 about cocktails. This year it’s a bit of a meandering stroll through some ideas around mutual aid and self-reliance. Maternity wards If you walk around the maternity ward at Kaiser Permanente’s Sunnyside medical center outside of Portland, Oregon, you might notice the same two… ## [My 4-year-old declares 36 the best number](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-02-23-1057/) _2025-02-23 · Math ∩ Programming_ My four-year-old son has declared 36 to be the best number. His reason: 36 is the only number (he knows of) that is both a square and a staircase number AND an up-and-down-staircase number. “Staircase numbers” are what he calls triangular numbers (numbers that are the sum of the first $n$ integers). This name comes from the blocks he has that can be arranged into a staircase. He also… ## [Anyone know of an approachable proof of the Caratheodory-Fejer theorem?](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-02-09-1947/) _2025-02-10 · Math ∩ Programming_ A colleague of mine recently lent a hand implementing a polynomial approximation routine I could port to our compiler, though it wasn’t the method I was expecting. As I had written about previously, I was studying the Remez algorithm and implementing a prototype in Python. Remez approximation involves an iterated loop that alternates between root-finding and linear-system solving, and as… ## [Ship software peacefully (Sponsored)](https://crawlproof.com/a/7elLfBgCTHqt) _2025-02-10 · **Sponsored**_ Deploy apps from your repo with auto-config, instant previews, scaling, and monitoring. ## [Explainable Linear Programs](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-02-06-2124/) _2025-02-07 · Math ∩ Programming_ Back in 2020, when I worked in the supply chain side of Google, I had a fun and impactful side project related to human-level explanations of linear programs. A linear program is a mathematical model that defines some number of variables, linear constraints, and a linear objective function. When some variables are forced to be integer (ILPs), you can solve a lot of useful problems like scheduling,… ## [Explainable Linear Programs](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-02-06-2124/) _2025-02-07 · Math ∩ Programming_ Back in 2020, when I worked in the supply chain side of Google, I had a fun and impactful side project related to human-level explanations of linear programs. A linear program is a mathematical model that defines some number of variables, linear constraints, and a linear objective function. When some variables are forced to be integer (ILPs), you can solve a lot of useful problems like scheduling,… ## [I'll be at the JMM](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-01-07-1747/) _2025-01-08 · Math ∩ Programming_ I’ll be at the Joint Mathematics Meeting in Seattle (starting tomorrow). If you see me there, say hi! I will have a very light schedule, plenty of time for coffee chats. I’ll be attending many of the crypto sessions for the homomorphic encryption talks. And on Thursday at 3PM, I’ll be at the Code4Math booth in the exhibition hall. I’ll be chatting with math people who want… ## [I'll be at the JMM](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-01-07-1747/) _2025-01-08 · Math ∩ Programming_ I’ll be at the Joint Mathematics Meeting in Seattle (starting tomorrow). If you see me there, say hi! I will have a very light schedule, plenty of time for coffee chats. I’ll be attending many of the crypto sessions for the homomorphic encryption talks. And on Thursday at 3PM, I’ll be at the Code4Math booth in the exhibition hall. I’ll be chatting with math people who want… ## [Epiphanies from Tape Measures](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-01-04-1011/) _2025-01-04 · Math ∩ Programming_ The Hyperfixed Podcast had a lovely episode recently about tape measures. It started from “why does my tape measure seem to always be off a little bit” and went all the way to the inherent limitations of physical measurement at small scales. In there is an awesome quote by Adam Savage, “I had always had faith in the sanctity and solidity of numbers… and when I got into… ## [Epiphanies from Tape Measures](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2025-01-04-1011/) _2025-01-04 · Math ∩ Programming_ The Hyperfixed Podcast had a lovely episode recently about tape measures. It started from “why does my tape measure seem to always be off a little bit” and went all the way to the inherent limitations of physical measurement at small scales. In there is an awesome quote by Adam Savage, “I had always had faith in the sanctity and solidity of numbers… and when I got into… ## [Fully Homomorphic Encryption and the Public](https://www.jeremykun.com/fhe-and-the-public/) _2025-01-03 · Math ∩ Programming_ In this living document, I will document reactions to uses of homomorphic encryption by members of the public. By “member of the public,” I mean people who may be technical, but are not directly involved in the development or deployment of homomorphic encryption systems. This includes journalists, bloggers, aggregator comment threads, and social media posts. My main goal is to… ## [Using Ethereum for financial smart contracts](https://vishakh.blog/2024/12/03/using-ethereum-for-financial-smart-contracts/) _2024-12-03 · vishakh64c8d901e3 · Vishakh's Blog_ Note: This is a repost of a 2016 Medium article describing the first ever financial instrument developed for the Ethereum blockchain. See our deep dive for technical details. It’s still too early to tell how relevant blockchains are for finance. To get some insight, we modeled a financial derivative contract on the Ethereum blockchain to \[…\] ## [Empiricism and Scientific Change in Judea Pearl’s ‘The Book of Why’](https://vishakh.blog/2024/11/20/empiricism-and-scientific-change-in-judea-pearls-the-book-of-why/) _2024-11-21 · vishakh64c8d901e3 · Vishakh's Blog_ (Originally posted in March 2021 at https://medium.com/@vishakh/empiricism-and-scientific-change-in-judea-pearls-the-book-of-why-5e77c02a9d8b) Edit: A brief response from Prof. Pearl to this blog post may be found at https://twitter.com/yudapearl/status/1377127158926041089. Several years ago, as a newly-minted college freshman, I learned how the eighteenth century empiricist philosopher David Hume… ## [The last few months in HEIR](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2024-11-15-0831/) _2024-11-15 · Math ∩ Programming_ In my little corner of the FHE world, things have been steadily heating up. For those who don’t know, my main work project right now is HEIR (Homomorphic Encryption Intermediate Representation), a compiler toolchain for fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). For an extended introduction see this talk from October 2023. The primary focus of HEIR is to compile to FHE hardware accelerators. And… ## [Your 24/7 AI Media Buyer (Sponsored)](https://crawlproof.com/a/7S4RnMaW9gFk) _2024-11-15 · **Sponsored**_ Finds placement, geo, and funnel leaks and proposes fixes you approve ## [Attention spans for math and stories](https://www.jeremykun.com/2019/03/26/attention-spans-for-math-and-stories/) _2024-11-15 · Math ∩ Programming_ Editor’s note: This essay was originally published in 2019. I have made minor edits in this republishing. There was a MathOverflow thread about mathematically interesting games for 5–6 year olds. A lot of the discussion revolved around how young age 5 really is, and how we should temper expectations because we don’t really remember what it’s like to be 5. In response to an… ## [Carnival of Mathematics #233](https://www.jeremykun.com/2022/11/01/carnival-of-mathematics-233/) _2024-11-01 · Math ∩ Programming_ Welcome to the 233rd Carnival of Mathematics! Who can forget 233, the 6th Fibonacci prime? Hey, not all numbers are interesting. Don’t ask me about the smallest positive uninteresting number. You can’t make it interesting with your feeble mind tricks! Anyway, on to the fun. Provers and Shakers The big discovery this month was a new largest known prime number, $2^{136279841} - 1$, as… ## [Carnival of Mathematics #233](https://www.jeremykun.com/2022/11/01/carnival-of-mathematics-233/) _2024-11-01 · Math ∩ Programming_ Welcome to the 233rd Carnival of Mathematics! Who can forget 233, the 6th Fibonacci prime? Hey, not all numbers are interesting. Don’t ask me about the smallest positive uninteresting number. You can’t make it interesting with your feeble mind tricks! Anyway, on to the fun. Provers and Shakers The big discovery this month was a new largest known prime number, $2^{136279841} - 1$, as… ## [How This Blog Does IndieWeb](https://www.jeremykun.com/2024/10/30/how-this-blog-does-indieweb/) _2024-10-31 · Math ∩ Programming_ This article will explain how the blog is organized at a technical level, and show how I implemented various IndieWeb features. Table of Contents: Motivation Structure and Deployment Static search index Running scripts via GitHub Actions Social media syndication and the “shortform” section Links to syndicated versions at the end of each post Warning for a too-long first paragraph… ## [How This Blog Does IndieWeb](https://www.jeremykun.com/2024/10/30/how-this-blog-does-indieweb/) _2024-10-31 · Math ∩ Programming_ This article will explain how the blog is organized at a technical level, and show how I implemented various IndieWeb features. Table of Contents: Motivation Structure and Deployment Static search index Running scripts via GitHub Actions Social media syndication and the “shortform” section Links to syndicated versions at the end of each post Warning for a too-long first paragraph… ## [LWE Attack Benchmarking Project](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2024-10-15-1543/) _2024-10-15 · Math ∩ Programming_ Kristin Lauter and her colleagues at Facebook research recently announced a project to benchmark attacks against LWE. The announcement was on the post-quanum crypto mailing list. They state: “Our approach is motivated by the need to study more carefully the effect on security of using small secrets and small error in standardized LWE settings like Kyber and Homomorphic Encryption. In… ## [Dynamic Programming Fail](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2024-09-12-1502/) _2024-09-12 · Math ∩ Programming_ This is a story about a failure to apply dynamic programming to a woodworking project. I’ve been building a shed in my backyard, and for one section I decided to build the floor by laying 2x4 planks side by side. I didn’t feel the need to join them with tongue-and-groove, but I did notice that using 2x4s alone wouldn’t fit the width they were supposed to fill. I also had some 2x6… ## [Dynamic Programming Fail](https://www.jeremykun.com/shortform/2024-09-12-1502/) _2024-09-12 · Math ∩ Programming_ This is a story about a failure to apply dynamic programming to a woodworking project. I’ve been building a shed in my backyard, and for one section I decided to build the floor by laying 2x4 planks side by side. I didn’t feel the need to join them with tongue-and-groove, but I did notice that using 2x4s alone wouldn’t fit the width they were supposed to fill. I also had some 2x6… ## [Packing Matrix-Vector Multiplication in Fully Homomorphic Encryption](https://www.jeremykun.com/2024/09/06/packing-matrix-vector-multiplication-in-fhe/) _2024-09-07 · Math ∩ Programming_ In my recent overview of homomorphic encryption, I underemphasized the importance of data layout when working with arithmetic (SIMD-style) homomorphic encryption schemes. In the FHE world, the name given to data layout strategies is called “packing,” because it revolves around putting multiple plaintext data into RLWE ciphertexts in carefully-chosen ways that mesh well with the… ## [Shift Networks](https://www.jeremykun.com/2024/09/02/shift-networks/) _2024-09-02 · Math ∩ Programming_ In my recent overview of homomorphic encryption, I underemphasized the importance of data layout when working with arithmetic (SIMD-style) homomorphic encryption schemes. In the FHE world, the name given to data layout strategies is called “packing,” because it revolves around putting multiple plaintext data into RLWE ciphertexts in carefully-chosen ways that mesh well with the… ## [Shift Networks](https://www.jeremykun.com/2024/09/02/shift-networks/) _2024-09-02 · Math ∩ Programming_ In my recent overview of homomorphic encryption, I underemphasized the importance of data layout when working with arithmetic (SIMD-style) homomorphic encryption schemes. In the FHE world, the name given to data layout strategies is called “packing,” because it revolves around putting multiple plaintext data into RLWE ciphertexts in carefully-chosen ways that mesh well with the…