Metadata makes the data format: metadata storage and representation across array formats

When configured equivalently, COG and Zarr store the exact same data bytes. So what actually distinguishes one raster format from another? Metadata. We get philosophical about what metadata even is, examine how TIFF and Zarr each represent it, tour the various ways geospatial coordinate information is encoded across formats, ask where metadata should live, and make the case that formal, versioned…