How Java Debugging Works: Inside JPDA, JDWP, and JDI

How the JVM lets you set breakpoints, step through code, and attach a debugger to a running Java process, explained from the inside out - You set a breakpoint, hit debug, and your program freezes exactly on the line you picked. The variables panel fills up, you step one line at a time, hover over a value to inspect it, and change a variable on the fly. It feels like the IDE is doing something...