# database systems — RSS Amplifier Recent posts from the 15 feeds in the RSS Amplifier directory that cover database systems. Page: Feed: --- ## [Transactional Programming Models](https://will62794.github.io/databases/transactions/programming/2026/05/25/transactional-programming.html) _2026-05-25 · William Schultz_ Transactions are a core feature of databases, but absent from most mainstream programming languages. Thus, many approaches to transactional programming in database systems often developed in a lineage somewhat distinct from the programming languages community. This has led to a diverse set of transactional programming models, with many system or domain-specific approaches. It is informative to… ## [Towards Autonomous Protocol Proofs](https://will62794.github.io/formal-methods/2026/04/03/autonomous-protocol-proofs.html) _2026-04-03 · William Schultz_ Writing formal proofs for distributed protocols is tedious and usually not worth the effort for real-world systems. In general, you have to come up with an inductive invariant which is already a very difficult task. At least a few separate PhD theses were entirely devoted to automating this task in the past few years, and they still usually don’t scale beyond protocols of a moderate size. After… ## [Canonicalized Distributed Protocol Specs](https://will62794.github.io/distributed-systems/2026/03/07/canonical-dist-protocols.html) _2026-03-07 · William Schultz_ Formal descriptions of message passing distributed protocols are complex and heterogeneous. In theory, writing a formal spec of a distributed protocol is a good way to formalize and communicate its precise behavior. In practice, though, many of these specs become quite large and challenging to digest clearly. They use different messaging formats and patterns for how information is communicated… ## [Verified Transpilation with Claude](https://will62794.github.io/verification/llms/compilation/2026/01/20/bespoke-compilation.html) _2026-01-20 · William Schultz_ We can check correctness of a TLA+ specification using the TLC model checker, which will exhaustively explore a spec’s reachable states to check that a specified property (i.e. an invariant) holds. TLC was originally developed over 20 years ago and has had a lot of development effort put into it. It is a mature and performant tool, but it is written in Java and it is essentially a dynamic… ## [#15 - Database Query Optimizers Part 1 (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b53huOGcsZ8) _2025-10-28 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#14 - Parallel Query Engine Architectures ✸ SpiralDB Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kzf1hGjtZOU) _2025-10-23 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#13 - Query Execution Part 1 (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-UUd6cB57w) _2025-10-21 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [Git for Transactions](https://will62794.github.io/databases/transactions/isolation/2025/10/14/git-for-transactions.html) _2025-10-14 · William Schultz_ The idealized model of a transactional data storage system is one of a sequential, serializable system, where clients can submit transactions and the system ensures the outcomes are as if those transactions were executed against a single copy of that data. In practice, performance limitations of this model have historically pushed systems to explore a wide set of alternative, weakly consistent… ## [#12 - Hash Joins, Sort-Merge Joins, Nested Loop Join Algorithms (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIdIaPopfpk) _2025-10-07 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#11 - Sorting & Aggregation Algorithms ✸ MotherDuck Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LzyKTpeIgts) _2025-10-02 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [From any door to your door (Sponsored)](https://crawlproof.com/a/4ZTZAFiXWbZe) _2025-10-02 · **Sponsored**_ Book rides, errands, deliveries, groceries and home help in one app ## [#10 - Latching in Data Structures (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YgOvfXl6pss) _2025-09-30 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#09 - Vector Indexes + Inverted Indexes + Skip Lists + Bloom Filters (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PjST2n7abAY) _2025-09-25 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#08 - B+Trees: The Best Data Structure in the World (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7ii_Lvm9rM) _2025-09-23 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#07 - Database Hash Tables ✸ YugabyteDB Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuNW8IfgPNU) _2025-09-19 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [On Writing, Specification, and Outputs](https://will62794.github.io/formal-methods/specification/writing/2025/09/19/on-writing-and-specification.html) _2025-09-19 · William Schultz_ In Andy Grove’s High Output Management , on his experiences from management at Intel, he makes a comment about the value of writing “reports” in a business or organizational setting: But reports also have another totally different function. As they are formulated and written, the author is forced to be more precise than he might be verbally. Hence their value stems from the discipline and the… ## [#06 - Column-Store Databases (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWnToWrskXE) _2025-09-16 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#05 - Log-Structured Database Storage ✸ SingleStore Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_sTdS4h-bY) _2025-09-11 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#04 - Memory Management & Buffer Pools (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-2yv4z0VZc) _2025-09-09 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#03 - Database Storage: Files, Pages, Tuples (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRLXdIMJhOg) _2025-09-04 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [#02 - Modern SQL ✸ dbt Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5gU9NQjCAs) _2025-08-28 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [Recipe PDFs Ready Fast (Sponsored)](https://crawlproof.com/a/UoMTcEX2jd9O) _2025-08-28 · **Sponsored**_ Turn online or personal recipes into clean, printable PDFs in seconds. ## [#01 - Relational Model & Algebra (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NPIENPr-zk) _2025-08-26 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2025)_ ## [Logless Raft](https://will62794.github.io/distributed-systems/consensus/2025/08/25/logless-raft.html) _2025-08-25 · William Schultz_ The standard use of Raft is for implementing a fault tolerant, replicated state machine by means of a replicated log , maintained at each server within a replication group. Depending on the nature of the state we want to replicate, we can employ a simpler variant of Raft that achieves the same essential correctness properties. We can call this logless Raft and it can be useful when we are only… ## [Simple Serializable Snapshot Isolation](https://will62794.github.io/databases/transactions/isolation/2025/05/13/simple-serializable-snapshot-isolation.html) _2025-05-13 · William Schultz_ In A Critique of Snapshot Isolation , published in EuroSys 2012, they present write-snapshot isolation , a simple approach to making snapshot isolation serializable. This work was published a few years after Michael Cahill’s original work on Serializable Snapshot Isolation (TODS 2009), and around a similar time as the work of Dan Ports on implementing serializable snapshot isolation (VLDB 2012),… ## [Transactions as Transformers](https://will62794.github.io/databases/transactions/isolation/2025/05/04/transformers-not-transactions.html) _2025-05-04 · William Schultz_ Database transactions are traditionally modeled as a sequence of read/write operations on a set of keys, where each read operation returns some value and each write sets a key to some value. This is reflected in most of the formalisms that define various transactional isolation semantics ( Adya , Crooks , etc.). For many isolation levels used in practice in modern database systems, (e.g. snapshot… ## [Modern Views of Transaction Isolation](https://will62794.github.io/formal-methods/specification/2025/03/17/transaction-isolation-models.html) _2025-03-17 · William Schultz_ There have been many attempts to formalize the zoo of various transaction isolation and consistency concepts over the years. It is not always clear , though, to what extent these attempts have clarified things, especially when each approach has introduced new variations of complexity and formal notation. The rise of distributed storage and database systems and the need to reason about isolation in… ## [#14 - Query Execution Part 2 ✸ ClickHouse Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vy2t_wZx4Is) _2024-10-26 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#12 - Join Algorithms: Hash, Sort-Merge, Nested Loop Joins (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFazkaZKs1s) _2024-10-08 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#11 - Sorting & Aggregation Algorithms ✸ dbt Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mM3sFwSuGNY) _2024-10-03 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#10 - Index Concurrency Control (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgUNTj0Q54M) _2024-09-30 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#09 - Vector Indexes, Inverted Indexes, Filters, Tries ✸ TiDB Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foMMYyycRgk) _2024-09-26 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [Build with the cheapest GPUs (Sponsored)](https://crawlproof.com/a/2Az09Tq9Oghg) _2024-09-26 · **Sponsored**_ Deployed a live API in minutes; one user spent under $10. ## [#08 - Tree Indexes: B+Trees (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scUtG_6M_lU) _2024-09-23 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#07 - Hash Tables ✸ RelationalAI Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkP_yLM5KBU) _2024-09-18 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#06 - Memory & Disk I/O Management (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoewwZwVmv4) _2024-09-17 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#05 - Row vs. Column Storage + Compression ✸ StarTree Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhlpwmOBEiE) _2024-09-11 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#04 - Database Storage: Log-Structured Merge Trees & Tuples (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IHtVWGhG0Xg) _2024-09-09 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#03 - Database Storage: Files & Pages ✸ Neon Database Talk (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSxV5Sob5V8) _2024-09-05 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#02 - Modern SQL (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MzigBKf84aY) _2024-08-29 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_ ## [#00 - Course Overview & Logistics (CMU Intro to Database Systems)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otE2WvX3XdQ) _2024-08-26 · CMU Database Group · CMU Intro to Database Systems (15-445/645 - Fall 2024)_