Towards Qualified Majority Voting in EU Foreign Policy

For several years, the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) appeared to have a Hungary problem. More fundamentally, however, it has a Treaty-design problem. Article 31(1) TEU establishes unanimity as the default decision-making rule for the European Council and the Council in CFSP matters, subject to specified exceptions. We argue that the standard justifications for unanimity do not…