What Are the Main Ways Animals Communicate With Each Other?

Animal communication begins with a signal: one animal produces a sound, movement, color pattern, odor, touch, vibration, electric pulse, or light display that another animal can detect and use. A honeybee dance can point nestmates toward food. A whale call can move through the sea. A cuttlefish can change skin patterns in seconds. An ant can lay a chemical trail. A dog can shift ears, tail, eyes,…