Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs): What They Are and How They May Support Gut Health

Human milk oligosaccharides, or HMOs, are complex carbohydrates first identified in human milk. 2′-fucosyllactose, or 2′-FL, is one of the best studied. Adult studies show that 2′-FL can influence gut bacteria, while its effects on the intestinal barrier, immunity, and health outcomes remain under study.