Does the MikroTik USB port work with an BELKIN F5D8053 v6?

Unfortunately, as of May 2026 and RouterOS 7.23, no. The BELKIN F5D8053 v6 is basically a Realtek RTL8191SU/RTL8192SU, which currently does not seem to be supported to act as a Wifi interface for RouterOS on ARM32.