Mitral Valve Paravalvular Leak Closure

Mitral paravalvular leaks (PVL) occur when there is dehiscence between the prosthetic sewing ring and the native annulus, allowing blood to regurgitate around the valve rather than through it. The prosthesis itself may function normally, while a high velocity eccentric jet produces significant physiologic consequences. These leaks are often associated with annular calcification, endocarditis,…