The Doctrine of Equivalents in Balancing Patent Exclusivity and Generic Competition: Insights from the Novartis v. Pharmathen Dutch Jurisprudence

The intersection of pharmaceutical patent protection and public health imperatives presents a persistent global challenge, particularly in reconciling innovation incentives with affordable access to medicines. This legal memorandum examines the application of the doctrine of equivalence in Novartis v. Pharmathen before the Dutch courts and analyzes its relevance for the development of Indonesian…