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How to test local area network speed

To test the link speed between two machines on a local network, a method that is often used is to send a file from one machine to the other using a network file sharing protocol such as SMB , NFS , SSHFS , or rsync over SSH . Unless one of those protocols is already set up on the two computers, this is a very cumbersome way to test network speeds between them. And if the network is faster than one…

Ext4 reserves five-percent of the filesystem's available space by default

By default, Ext4 reserves 5% of the filesystem’s block count for the super-user, so that root processes can continue to run without problem even if other non-privileged processes are prevented from writing to the filesystem when it’s full. This makes perfect sense for the root partition where the operating system is installed, but for most other partitions, reserving 5% of the disk space for the…

Storing IP addresses in MariaDB

What’s the best datatype to store IP addresses as in MariaDB? 1 It’s 2025 and, according to Google, nearly half the internet now supports IPv6 . So whichever data type is the best, it will have to support both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. There are, in that case, three main options: VARBINARY(16) : With this option you could store IPv6 addresses as 16-byte byte-strings and IPv4 addresses as 4-byte…

Make KDE Plasma’s file indexer, Baloo, usable

KDE Plasma is great, but the file indexer that ships with it, Baloo, is not. In fact, it’s terrible. If I leave it as it is, one of its processes, for some reason, inevitably starts using 100% CPU, which I only notice once my laptop starts heating up. You’d think this only happens for a short period of time when a lot of new files are waiting to be indexed at once, but that doesn’t seem to be the…

Migrating a Progressive Web App (PWA) to a new domain without breaking existing installations

Recently, I migrated Discuit , which is a Progressive Web App (PWA) , from discuit.net to discuit.org . Everything went smoothly and seamlessly, I’m glad to say, without it messing up the existing user experience in any way. In fact, had I not made an announcement about it , most users wouldn’t have even noticed the change. Migrating a website to a new domain is usually straightforward, at least…

Setting up a trusted, self-signed SSL/TLS certificate authority in Linux

With OpenSSL, it’s pretty easy to generate a simple self-signed TLS certificate . Just run the following command: 1 openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -sha256 -days 365 -nodes -keyout cert.key -out cert.crt The files that this command generates, cert.key and cert.crt , could be passed to a web server, for example, and it will work fine; that is, all the connections made to that web server will be…

How to convert TTF fonts to WOFF2

When you download a font from a source like Google Fonts , it’s likely in either TTF or OTF formats, the two most widely used font formats in the world. If you’re going to use these fonts on the web, however, it’s a good idea to convert them to WOFF2 first, because WOFF2 fonts are significantly smaller in size (WOFF2 fonts are the same as TTF or OTF fonts but compressed). Of course, in many cases…

How to gracefully shutdown a Go HTTP server

The following code snippet of Go starts a simple HTTP server that responds with “Hello World” to every request it gets. 1 func main () { 2 server := & http . Server { 3 Addr : ":8080" , 4 Handler : http . HandlerFunc ( func ( w http . ResponseWriter , r * http . Request ) { 5 w . Write ([] byte ( "<html><body><h1>Hello World</h1></body></html>" )) 6 }), 7 } 8 if err := server . ListenAndServe ();…

By way of beginning

There is perhaps a uniquely human instinct to leave our mark on the world, if nothing else to simply say that we were once here to whomever comes later. People have a tendency to carve their names or initials on rocks, trunks of trees, walls, benches, or some other hard surface they know is not going to be withered away by the elements too soon, especially if they’ve spent a lot of time in that…