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Solved/Cooked AI maximalists in some corners of the internet hate it when people refer to LLMs as just “next-token predictors” or “stochastic parrots”. It is instinctively taken as a pejorative. They use the words “solved” or “cooked” to signal the end of industries or classes of work that take real human creativity, expertise or effort.…
The Sovereign Promise The concept of sovereign AI is straightforward: a country should have the capability to build, train, and deploy its own AI models without depending on foreign infrastructure or corporations. For India, the case is genuinely compelling. We have 22 officially recognized languages. Most of the world’s leading models are English-first, and I cannot really speak for their…
ROP ROP stands for Return-Oriented Programming . It is primarily used to defeat DEP/NX/W^X (Data Execution Prevention/No Execute/Write xor Execute) mitigations in processors. Different manufacturers have different names for this particular feature, but the idea is to mark certain areas of memory (notably stack and heap) as non-executable. This makes attempts to execute instructions from areas…
Polymorphism The word polymorphism has Greek roots which means “having many forms”. In this context, polymorphism refers to a common antivirus evasion technique where shellcode/binaries are encrypted or obfuscated to go undetected. A polymorphic engine generates different code each time that does the same thing. In other words, code that is semantically different but functionally same.…
It was curious that he seemed not merely to have lost the power of expressing himself, but even to have forgotten what it was that he had originally intended to say. For weeks past he had been making ready for this moment, and it had never crossed his mind that anything would be needed except courage. The actual writing would be easy. All he had to do was to transfer to paper the interminable…