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Sam Lightfoot

Software engineer with an interest in distributed systems, databases and performance.

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Latest posts

Direct I/O for Cassandra Compaction: Cutting p99 Read Latency by 5x

A patch I contributed to Apache Cassandra 6 cuts p99 read latency by 5x during compaction. Compaction pollutes the page cache with data the application knows is throwaway, but the kernel does not. Compaction is unavoidable, the price Cassandra pays for fast writes. Data isn't sorted on the

Fintech Devcon 2025

It wasn't only my first time presenting at a conference, but my first ever conference. Fintech Devcon is a three-day conference targeted at builders in the Fintech industry - hosted by Moov , it is the ' only event created by developers, for developers '. The Conference Located in

Why Aren't You Idempotent?

Idempotency doesn't get the attention it deserves. It enables a distributed system to be both resilient and performant . If, like us, you’re building low-latency APIs and face significant penalties for breaching SLAs, this article may be worth your time. What is idempotency? Idempotency is the

Books of 2024

After going through my notes from this year, I realized that most of my reading time was spent on three hefty books—each over 700 pages long—and several white papers, many of which I ended up reposting on X. The books (appearing in the order they were

The Deadlock Hiding in HTTP/2 Flow Control

Plagued by indefinitely hanging HTTP requests, starved connection pools, and widespread SLA breaches, we put on our troubleshooting hats and reported a Reactor Netty issue . The hangs primarily affected a high-volume, scheduled background process responsible for delivering payment acknowledgments to clients, but the impact spread far beyond it. Consumers

Welcome

Hey! Welcome to my blog. I am Sam, a software engineer working in London at JP Morgan in the Payments space. I plan to write about current topics of interest to share valuable insights and hone my blogging skills. I also actively browse Twitter (X), where I re-post white