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The Khipu Field Guide Blog

Research and perspectives on khipus and Andean record-keeping, making khipu studies accessible to all.

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Latest posts

New article out on knot shapes and how to make sense of them (FitzPatrick 2026)

In this space, we occasionally highlight new publications of interest to readers. Our blog editor Mackinley FitzPatrick has just published a new paper in Latin American Antiquity about mathematical knot theory and its application to the study of khipus. Anyone can access an open version here . FitzPatrick’s paper

Recent khipu research featured at the San Francisco meetings of the Society for American Archaeology

The 91st meeting of the Society for American Archaeology (SAA) was held in San Francisco, California from April 29th to May 3rd this year. Members of the Khipu Field Guide (KFG) team and collaborators were there to present on recent research and the ongoing outreach efforts of the KFG. 

Three Dimensions: Reflections from a First-Time Khipu Recording

A few months ago, I had the opportunity to record khipu data for the first time at the Phoebe Hearst Museum in Berkeley, California. I wanted to share some reflections about the experience, especially given my position as a younger scholar.

Pendants to Pipelines: A Computational Toolkit for Khipu Research

I found myself returning to khipus with a different kind of curiosity: not archaeological or interpretive, but operational. Could the computational tools I work with every day be useful to the scholars who study these objects?

Untangle, But Never Untie

I was stunned. When I arrived at Museo Leymebamba, my goal had been to inventory and record every khipu housed there for my dissertation, but I had not expected to encounter one still completely tangled.

Visiting a Khipu in Sydney

Being able to see a khipu in person is incredibly important for researchers and enthusiasts. And as I am located in Australia, this means such opportunities either require significant travel to the khipu, or a rare experience such as this, where the khipu has come closer to me.

The “Waterfall” Khipu Set and Indigenous Political Organization in the 16th Century

How can we relate what historical documentation tells us to the information we can extract from the archaeological khipus preserved in museums and private collections?

Reimagining Khipus as Musical Notation: Mathematics and Storytelling

Growing up in Cusco, Peru—the Inca capital—I learned about khipus from a young age. Like many Peruvian students, I was told that the Incas and their predecessors did not learn to write or read. As a kid, surrounded by Cusco’s extraordinary Inca architecture, this never made sense to me.

Counting the Khipus: How Many Are There to Study?

You may have noticed in Ashok’s post – Can We Use AI for Khipu Decipherment? – that “recent surveys put the total number of surviving khipus today at around 1,300 to 1,600” and wondered how that count came about? The short answer: with a

Have We Found the “Rosetta Khipus”?

One of the most frequent questions I get from both academics and the public is whether anything comparable to the Rosetta Stone exists for khipus. To the excitement, and disappointment, of nearly every audience I speak to, the answer is both yes and no.

An Underrecognized Doctoral Thesis on Inka Khipus: Antonia Molina Muntó, 1975

As in many academic fields, unpublished PhD dissertations on khipus can be difficult to locate and are largely underrecognized. Anthropologist Carol Mackey’s “Knot Records in Ancient and Modern Peru” (1970) is perhaps the best known, though it is not the only one—nor the first&

A Numerical Connection Between Two Khipus: An Informal Description

By way of introduction, I am a mathematician and data-lover and maker who, when growing up, also wanted to be an archaeologist and an art/ist teacher and an architect. I had long been fascinated by khipus before I first heard about The Khipu Field Guide (KFG) while listening

Memories of Bob Ascher, author of Code of the Quipu

Writing under the pseudonym, Puck, Bob described his situation in the Anthropology Department at Cornell in the 1980s: “I spend two days a week on campus...I never visit the office of another professor except when I must do so on business...In my view, I run my own

A Conversation between Rafael Dumett and Manuel Medrano

Translated using Google Translate ( Leer el texto original en español ) When I was presented with the idea of ​​introducing an upcoming book in Spanish about quipus, my first thought was: I'm not the right person. After all, I'm neither an archaeologist nor

Indigenous Accounting and Exchange at Monte Sierpe (‘Band of Holes’) in the Pisco Valley, Peru

A new article [1] has been published in this month's issue of Antiquity . One of the authors, Manuel Medrano, is a founding member of the KhipuFieldGuide team. It's an intriguing paper, talking about the site of Monte Sierpe, in the Pisco Valley in Peru. Known as