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On July 17, the European Commission presented a draft reform of the European carbon market, which notably proposes to extend free emission allowances. The risk of this reform is that it could reinforce uncompetitive industrial trajectories and institutionalize a system of public subsidies at the expense of innovation, as this article-based on data from the International Monetary Fund-demonstrates.…
[3/3] Are my friends’ enemies my enemies? Not for Pakistan, which is capitalizing on its good relations with China and the United States. How should we interpret the recent rapprochement between Washington and Islamabad? What role does China play? The final installment of an analysis of Pakistan’s new foreign policy, by Christophe Jaffrelot.
[⅔] In the conflict in the Middle East, Pakistan is increasingly appearing to some of the countries of the region as a guarantor of regional security and a more reliable ally than the United States. New alliances are taking shape. How should we understand this new regional landscape? Part 2 of a series on Pakistan, by Christophe Jaffrelot.
Signed on June 17, the Islamabad Memorandum was intended to bring military operations to an end, gradually reopen the Strait of Hormuz, and pave the way, within sixty days, for a final agreement between Iran and the United States. Less than a month later, strikes have resumed, maritime traffic is once again paralyzed, and Iranian civilian infrastructure is increasingly being targeted by the United…
[1/3] Pakistan, the only Muslim country with nuclear weapons, was rather isolated on the international scene till recently. The war in the Middle East and its rapprochement with the United States have placed the country at the heart of a new regional "Great Game." A three-part analysis by Christophe Jaffrelot. Part 1: Islamabad Faces the Challenges of Its Neighborhood.
The implementation of the Draghi report, presented in September 2024 to bridge the competitiveness gap between the EU and both the US and China, serves as a litmus test for Europe's ambition. While the shift in approach is genuine, marked by a novel prioritization of producer interests over consumer welfare, a systematic European preference, and targeted investment strategies, it risks stalling…
The forthcoming reform should not treat carbon revenues as an incidental by-product. It should turn them into a common European capacity to finance industrial decarbonisation, operating costs and strategic resilience.
[Episode 1] Cyberattacks, industrial and corporate espionage, reputational risks, hostile takeovers, legal extraterritoriality, and supply chain vulnerabilities: these systemic challenges directly bear upon both corporate competitiveness and French sovereignty. More precisely, assessing the competitiveness of French enterprises on a global scale serves as an analytical lens through which to…