In 2014 Nick Bostrom published "Superintelligence," posing the main question of the decade a superintelligence capable of recursive self-improvement amplifies itself without limits — and becomes incomprehensibly powerful. "Intelligence explosion."
In April 2025 Nature published the results of the COGITATE project — the largest adversarial experiment in the history of consciousness science. 256 participants, three neuroimaging modalities (fMRI, MEG, iEEG), two years of work, two leading theories both partially confirmed, both partially refuted. Neither won.
More than three thousand years ago the Rigveda posed the question: "Who is the one who observes?" In 2025 Nature published the results of the COGITATE project — an adversarial collaboration between IIT and GNW. Both theories turned out to be partially refuted. Over more than three millennia — thousands of texts, dozens of formal theories, zero consensus.
In 1931 Kurt Gödel proved that a sufficiently rich consistent arithmetic contains true statements that cannot be proven within it. The result destroyed Hilbert's dream of a complete axiomatization of mathematics. Since then "incompleteness" has become a cultural cliché: incompleteness of the mind, of physics, of society. Almost always — incorrectly.
Quantum field theory is the best physical theory created by humans. It predicts the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron to twelve decimal places. It also predicts vacuum energy with an error of $10^$ times.
Every few months someone announces that AI has "shown signs of consciousness." Someone else responds that this is anthropomorphism. A third person proposes to wait. A fourth — a committee. The discussion lasts twenty minutes, after which everyone departs with the same convictions they came with.
Psychiatry is the only area of medicine where a diagnosis is made from a catalog. DSM-5: around three hundred categories, each defined by a list of symptoms. Five out of nine — diagnosis A. Four out of seven, at least two weeks — diagnosis B. This is a conscientious inventory. But an inventory is not a map.
The Standard Model of particle physics describes everything we have observed in accelerators over the past seventy years. For this it is respected. But it has a small awkwardness that is usually placed at the end of a lecture course or in a footnote: all fermions exist in three copies — and there is no explanation for this.
How many types of experience exist? One? A hundred? Infinitely many? The question seems meaningless: the inner world is continuous, fluid, uncountable. So intuition reasons. Mathematics reasons differently.