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Fabian Hertwig’s Blog

An AI engineer's notes on technology, cognition, and how systems—software and human—really work.

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Latest posts

How Photons Clone Themselves: From Laser Pointers to Shooting Down Drones

Every laser ever built works because photons can clone themselves. A deep dive into how we get from a light bulb to burning drones out of the sky, starting with Einstein's 1917 prediction that nobody knew what to do with for 43 years.

Your Phone is a Fake Berry Bush: Why You Keep Scrolling

The neuroscience behind phone addiction: how Skinner's pigeons, dopamine prediction errors, and the wanting-vs-liking distinction explain why you can't stop scrolling.

Code Surgery: How AI Assistants Make Precise Edits to Your Files

How Codex, Aider, RooCode, and Cursor apply AI-generated changes to files—comparing patch formats, fuzzy matching, and Cursor's specialized apply model.

GPT Rabbit Hole: The Wild Horses That Weren’t: The Surprising Tale of America’s Free-Roaming Horses

America's 'wild' horses are actually feral descendants of Spanish imports. A ChatGPT-assisted deep dive into 55 million years of horse evolution and extinction.

Streamlining Corporate Decision-Making, Insights from Jeff Bezos

Jeff Bezos on two-way doors, why senior leaders should speak last, the danger of proxies, and how 6-page memos beat PowerPoint for truth-seeking.

Unlocking the Power of First Principles Thinking: A Timeless Approach to Innovation and Problem-Solving

From Aristotle to Elon Musk: how breaking problems down to fundamental truths and reasoning up from there leads to breakthrough innovations.

Python Virtual Environments: The best workflow

Why uv is now the best tool for Python environments, plus the pyenv + venv workflow that keeps each project isolated with its own Python version.

Metrics for Information Retrieval

A practical guide to NDCG, MAP, Precision, Recall, and MRR—the metrics used to evaluate search systems and neural retrieval models, with worked examples.

Feedback Loops are the Key Concept to build awesome Data Products

How Tesla, Netflix, TikTok, and even a local butcher use the virtuous circle of AI—where users generate data that improves the product, creating an unstoppable competitive advantage.