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Reducing negative externalities through the EU’s CBAM

The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is the EU’s tool to address carbon leakage by ensuring that the price of imports reflects their embedded carbon emissions. The CBAM applies from 1 January 2026. Carbon leakage occurs when companies based in Continue reading

Economics Revision – approaching Data Response questions

With some schools now doing their mock exams, here are some thoughts on approaching Data Response questions which are a part of the CIE and IB assessment. These questions are all about deep reading of the extract and interpreting the Continue reading

Kaya Identity and climate change

Sustainable development is part of the CIE A2 Economic Syllabus and greenhouse emissions are significant barrier in trying to achieve specific goals. Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) requires a collective agreement and to advance towards a society which is more respectful Continue reading

What a football shirt can tell you about the global economic centre of gravity

You will have noticed in the FIFA World Cup that national football teams didn t have commercial sponsor logos on their shirts due to strict FIFA regulations. However, watching any club football game today you are most likely to come across Continue reading

FIFA and Schumpeter – so much for creative destruction.

I have blogged on football and Schumpeter before with the proposed European Super League in 2021. The proposed ESL was all but free-market capitalism with an American style franchise system with 12 teams guaranteed a place in the competition – Continue reading

Price discrimination – A Level revision notes

Third-degree price discrimination occurs when a firm divides consumers into separate groups or market segments and charges each group a different price for the same or similar product, based on differences in their price elasticity of demand (PED). For example, Continue reading

Working hours between rich and poor countries

F D magazine (June) from the IMF recently had an article on ‘How Much Does the World Work?’ It is often assumed that people in wealthier countries work fewer hours, but the reality is more complex. The relationship between hours worked Continue reading

Corruption and GDP per capita

An interesting piece research that I came across looks at the correlation between corruption and GDP per capital. Global Business Leader Emerging Countries Expert Abdul Isu states that corruption is not just a violation of public trust but also Continue reading

New Zealand and India FTA – Absolute Advantage

On 27 April this year New Zealand and India signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) although the agreement has not yet come into force. The theory of trade revolves around a country s ability to produce a specific good or service Continue reading

Norway v England – how did they use North Sea oil revenue?

With the recent World Cup game between England and Norway, The David McWilliams Podcast England v Norway: A tale of two oil discoveries discusses how the discovery of North Sea oil created two very different economic stories. Norway and the Continue reading

Why has productivity slowed in developed economies?

Despite improvements in technology, low unemployment, and economic recovery productivity has remained unusually weak. Economists refers to this as the productivity puzzle as workers as not producing much more output per hour than they were years before. Economists expected productivity Continue reading

Iran war not the same impact as 1970’s oil crisis

The Iran war was predicted to push economies into a recession and although there has been an economic slowdown it hasn’t been significant enough to push economies into a contractionary phase. The main reasons for this include: Oil prices rose, Continue reading

New ‘Economics Diagram Bank’ from Tutor2u

Tutor2u have updated and enhanced their Economics Diagram Bank. The Bank is provided as a downloadable PowerPoint so that you can adapt and amend the diagrams for your own use. A great resource which covers just about every secondary school Continue reading

Will AI mean more rate increases by central banks?

Despite the narrative that AI will be inherently disinflationary, the current infrastructure development is actively creating inflationary bottlenecks that prevent central banks from lowering interest rates. In the near term the effect of AI on rates comes down to a Continue reading

World Cup – the economics of faking an injury.

With the World Cup in the knockout stages and the end of a long term approaching I thought it would be useful to add a bit of humour to lessons. I hark back to the last World Cup in Qatar Continue reading

Quantitative Easing (QE) – put a printer by the window.

Covering this topic with my A2 class and recall an amusing interview on ABC with Clarke Dawe about such a policy see video at the end of the post. QE started in Japan in 2001 when they went Continue reading

Increasing New Zealand’s productivity

Many thanks to Yr 13 students Thomas Nand and Jai Sohal for their recent presentation on New Zealand productivity to A Level Economics students at Millfield School in the UK. Below are a couple of their slides. Sign up to Continue reading

Outlook for New Zealand’s Primary Industry

Some useful data in the June Monthly Economic Review from the NZ Parliamentary Library when looking at the primary sector and its value to the NZ economy. Conflict in the Middle East has increased uncertainty for New Zealand s medium-term economic Continue reading

World Cup Hosts, Winners and Economic Systems

Keeping with the World Cup theme, I read a very interesting book a few years ago by Franklin Foer entitled “How Soccer Explains the World” (new version just published) in which he outlines that soccer is not merely a pastime Continue reading

New Zealand’s changing economy since 1900

Excellent graphic below showing the change in the % GDP by sector in New Zealand from 1900. It also indicates along the top the global ranking of the economy in that year.