Wordmaze: a one-shot, verifier-graded puzzle for RL
Wordmaze is a single-turn word-ladder puzzle with a password constraint, built to be trivially gradable for RL.
Dipkumar Patel — Blog
Essays on machine learning, AI agents, LLM internals, RAG, and distributed systems by Dipkumar Patel.
Latest posts
Claude Managed Agents: sharp edges and gotchas
What Anthropic Claude Managed Agents provide, where the API is limited, and gotchas around sessions, environments, tools, and GitHub repos.
IndiGo: India's Affordable Growth Carrier, by the Numbers
A beginner-friendly look at IndiGo. A live widget lets you tune three assumptions about how India flies and see what that means for IndiGo's size and market value in 5 to 10 years.
A Practical Cost Checklist for Agent and Harness Engineering
A staged checklist for reducing agent and LLM costs, from prompt hygiene and model selection to tool pruning, trace analysis, and distillation.
Agents Can Reason. They Still Can't Really Search.
Agents have a search problem across the whole stack: web search, RAG, tool discovery, skills/workflow loading, and even context compaction.
Bits per byte (BPB) for LLMs: tokenizer-agnostic loss
BPB measures LLM loss per UTF-8 byte, making tokenizer comparisons fair. Formula, worked example, and PyTorch-style implementation.
Creativity Is a Luxury
Creativity is a luxury. It requires time, energy and space.
GPT-5 router: why chat apps will route across models
Why GPT-5 style routers send simple prompts to smaller models and hard prompts to reasoning models, and what that means for chat UX.
Instruction Aware Embeddings
Why Your Retriever is Failing and How Context Can Save It - Instruction Aware Embeddings
How to improve RAG retrieval: recall, precision, and NDCG
Improve RAG retrieval without sacrificing precision: tune chunking, hybrid search, reranking, filters, and recall/NDCG metrics.
AWS Bedrock Converse API: one endpoint for Claude, Llama, and Mistral
How to call Amazon Bedrock Converse API, pass messages and inference config, and handle common model-specific validation errors.
Database audit fields: created_at, updated_at, created_by, updated_by
When to add created_at, updated_at, deleted_at, created_by, and updated_by columns, and whether user audit fields need foreign keys.
KV cache in GPT: how it speeds up transformer inference
A NumPy walkthrough of GPT KV caching: what keys and values are cached, how attention uses them, and why generation gets faster.
LC contest problems summary
Solutions and hints for LeetCode biweekly and weekly contest problems, organized by contest with progressive hints.
Hugo commands
A quick reference for common Hugo static site generator commands and workflows.