Russia’s war on Ukraine. 25.03.26

On the Northern Slobozhansky Direction, Russian forces attacked near Novomykolayivka, Kostyantynivka, Oleksiivka, and Kindrativka, in the direction of Mala Korchakovka, Khrapivshchyna, and Nova Sich, near Yablunivka.

On the Southern Slobozhansky Direction, Russian forces attacked near Vovchansk, Vovchanski Khutory, Starytsya, Verkhnya Pysarivka, Okhrymivka, and Velykyi Burluk.

On the Kupyansk Direction, elements of the 69th Motorized Rifle Division of the 6th Combined Arms Army have almost completely seized Pishchane, with Ukrainian Defense Forces units holding positions on the outskirts of the village. Russian forces advanced south of Pishchane, attacked near Kupyansk and Petropavlivka, near Kurylivka, in the direction of Kivsharivka, Novoosynove, and Kupyansk-Vuzlovyi, near Novoplatonivka, Bohuslavka, and Borivska Andriivka, in the direction of Izium.

Ukrainian Defense Forces struck an enemy concentration area near Khoroshe.

On the Sloviansk Direction, Ukrainian Defense Forces advanced within and north of Zakitne.

Russian forces attacked near Lyman, Drobysheve, Yampil, Dibrova, Platonivka, Zakitne, Kryva Luka, and Riznykivka, in the direction of Rai-Oleksandrivka, near Lypivka.

The Svatove group of Russian forces (elements of the 4th Tank Division of the 1st Tank Army and part of the forces of the 3rd Motorized Rifle Division of the 20th Combined Arms Army) is attempting to expand its breakthrough to the Oskil river by actively attacking in the direction of Lozova–Borova, and to break through to the Novoplatonivka–Shyikivka–Nyzhnie Solone–Pidlyman area and seize Borova. The 20th Combined Arms Army command is simultaneously attempting, with elements of the 3rd Motorized Rifle Division, to break through from the Katerynivka–Hrekivka line in the direction of Hrekivka–Izyumske and further northwest, enveloping the high ground in the Novoyehorivka area from the south, thereby supporting the 4th Tank Division of the 1st Tank Army’s offensive on Borova; and with elements of the 144th Motorized Rifle Division of the 20th Combined Arms Army and the 2nd Motorized Rifle Division of the 1st Tank Army to isolate the Lyman defensive district of the Defense Forces’ 3rd Army Corps from the northwest through active offensive operations in the directions of Shandryholove–Drobysheve and Novoselivka–Yarova, while simultaneously pressing it frontally from the north in the direction of Kolodyazi–Stavky. The 25th Combined Arms Army attacks the entire Lyman defensive district head-on from the east while simultaneously attempting to envelop it from the southeast, operating along the Siverskyi Donets River. Between 17 and 19 March, the enemy made several largely unsuccessful attempts at no fewer than 6 points on both directions to break through the Armed Forces of Ukraine’s defenses with forward assault units: from the Borivska Andriivka area toward Novoplatonivka and Borova, from the Pershotravneve area toward Shyikivka, from the Hrekivka area toward Druzhelyubivka, from the Serednie area toward Oleksandrivka, from the Shandryholove–Derylove area toward Drobysheve, and from the Kolodyazi area toward Stavky. In the 25th Combined Arms Army’s sector, its assault units fought for Yampil, where Ukrainian Defense Forces successfully counterattacked. The army’s forward infantry groups were spotted along the Lyman–Zakitne road and on the Dibrova–Ozerne line, with active infiltration by small enemy infantry groups taking place in the directions of Zarichne–Lyman and on the southeastern outskirts of Lyman itself.

On the Kostyantynivka Direction, Ukrainian Defense Forces liberated Minkivka, advanced east, southeast, and south of Kostyantynivka and south of Illinivka, are clearing enemy positions southeast of Novopavlivka, consolidating positions in the north of Novodmytrivka and east of Stepanivka, and counterattacked near Chasiv Yar.

Russian forces attacked near Kostyantynivka, Minkivka, and Chasiv Yar, in the direction of Chervone, near Pleshchiivka, Kleban-Byk, Ivanopillya, Berestok, Illinivka, Novopavlivka, and Sofiivka, and carried out an airstrike with a FAB-1500 bomb in the center of Kostyantynivka.

On the Pokrovsk Direction, Russian forces attacked near Toretske, Pokrovsk, and Hryshyne, in the direction of Novooleksandrivka, Shevchenkove, and Svitle, near Rodynske, Bilytske, Myrnohrad, Udachne, and Molodetske.

On the Oleksandrivka Direction, Russian forces attacked near Novomykolayivka, Filiya, Oleksandrohrad, Zlahoda, Krasnohirske, and Novohryhorivka, in the direction of Stepove; their small groups infiltrated the southern outskirts of Ternove, where they were struck by Ukrainian Defense Forces.

Ukrainian Defense Forces struck an enemy concentration area near Velyka Novosilka.

On the Huliaypole Direction, enemy infiltration groups are consolidating along the line of the T0401 highway in the center of Dobropillya and southeast of Hirke. Russian forces attacked near Huliaypole, Olenokostyantynivka, Svyatopetrivka, and Zelene, in the direction of Boykove, Verkhnya Tersa, Vozdvyzhivka, Dobropillya, Varvarivka, Myrne, and Charivne, near Zalizne, in the direction of Huliaypilske and Novoselivka.

Ukrainian Defense Forces struck an enemy concentration area and a repair and recovery unit position near Novozlatopil.

On the Orikhiv Direction, Ukrainian Defense Forces are clearing liberated areas in the eastern part of Prymorske and attacked near Prymorske and Stepnohirsk.

Russian forces fought for Pavlivka, attacked near Mala Tokmachka, Novodanylivka, and Stepnohirsk, in the direction of Novoandriivka, near Prymorske, in the direction of Richne and Veselyanka.

On the Prydniprovske Direction, Russian forces attacked near Bilohrudyi island.

Russian forces employ an average of 2,000 to 2,500 UAVs per week to strike Ukrainian positions on the left bank of the Dnipro River, employing 3,247 UAVs over the past week. Up to 90% of UAVs are intercepted or suppressed by Ukrainian Defense Forces.

Supporting operation:

• Ukrainian Defense Forces struck a column of “Bastion-M” coastal missile system launchers, destroying one launcher and two “Zircon” hypersonic cruise missiles and damaging another launcher, and struck the “Tavriyska” thermal power plant near Simferopol.

Overall assessment of changes in the operational situation:

• On the Southern Slobozhansky Direction, Russian forces continue to use infiltration tactics, committing fresh poorly trained reinforcements, which results in heavy losses.

• The 1st Tank Army and the 20th Combined Arms Army operate on overstretched frontages, simultaneously on the Kupyansk, Borova, and Lyman Directions; only on the latter does the 25th Combined Arms Army operate at full strength.

• The “Zapad (West)” Operational Grouping command is currently delivering its main effort on the Lyman Direction, where the main forces of the 20th and 25th Combined Arms Armies operate. Russian forces broke through to the Oskil River in the Kruhlyakivka area, splitting the single large operational bridgehead of Ukrainian Defense Forces on the left bank of the river and along the northern bank of the Siverskyi Donets river from Kupyansk to Bilohorivka; reached the Borivska Andriivka–Pershotravneve line and the near approaches to Borova from the northeast; eliminated the 3rd Army Corps bridgehead on the Chornyi Zherebets river; broke through the Serednie–Drobysheve line and the Kolodyazi area to the near approaches to Lyman from the northeast; advanced along the northern bank of the Siverskyi Donets river; seized Torske and Zarichne; began fighting for Yampil; reached the southeastern outskirts of Lyman and the Lyman–Zakitne road; and began fighting for Dibrova and Ozerne with their forward infantry groups.

• Enemy claims of penetration and consolidation of its assault groups in the northern part of Lyman are not accurate. In Drobysheve, Ukrainian Defense Forces also hold their positions firmly, although enemy infiltration groups have been spotted on the outskirts of the village.

• The 20th Combined Arms Army will continue its offensive on diverging axes, further reducing the density of its combat formations and effectively being forced to orient its flanks in opposite directions — both toward Borova and toward Lyman.

• The attempts by 3rd Combined Arms Army assault units to break through in the directions of Zakitne–Kryva Luka and Platonivka–Kalenyky indicate the army’s actual offensive direction. Meeting engagements are taking place in the areas of Kryva Luka and Kalenyky; Ukrainian Defense Forces are attempting to prevent the enemy from advancing in the directions of Mykolaivka and Piskunivka. The enemy has reached lines 6 km from Piskunivka and 9 km from Mykolaivka.

• The “Zapad (West)” Operational Grouping, which must in a timely manner create favorable conditions for an offensive on Sloviansk from the northeastern direction, has not yet completed preparatory measures even for the assault on Lyman.

• On the Pokrovsk Direction, Russian forces intensified attacks after receiving reinforcements and conducted an assault along a 10 km stretch, employing large numbers of personnel, motorcycles, and other vehicles. 90% of attackers were struck before reaching the line of departure for the assault.

Change in the line of contact (LoC), directions of attacks and counterattacks:

• There were 191 combat engagements on various fronts.

• On the Northern Slobozhansky and Kursk Directions, one enemy attack was recorded.

• On the Southern Slobozhansky Direction, the enemy made 4 attempts to breach defensive lines in the area of Vovchansk and in the direction of Okhrymivka.

• On the Kupyansk direction, the enemy attacked 5 times in the direction of Petropavlivka, Novoosynove, Novoplatonivka, and Kurylivka.

• On the Sloviansk Direction, 14 enemy attempts to penetrate Ukrainian defense in the areas of Tverdokhlibove and Serednie, toward Lyman and Drobysheve, and to advance in the areas of Yampil, Zakitne, Platonivka, and Pazeno were stopped.

• On the Kostyantynivka Direction, the enemy carried out 43 attacks in the area of Minkivka, in the direction of Malynivka, Virolyubivka, Kostyantynivka, Pleshchiivka, Illinivka, Ivanopillya, Oleksandro-Shultyne, Stepanivka, Sofiivka, Rusyn Yar, and Novopavlivka.

• On the Pokrovsk Direction, 47 enemy assault actions were stopped in the areas of Nykanorivka, Pokrovsk, Rodynske, Hryshyne, Udachne, Novomykolayivka, Molodetske, and Filiya, and toward Nove Shakhove, Novopidhorodnie, Novopavlivka, Bilytske, and Shevchenko.

• On the Oleksandrivka Direction, the enemy attacked 8 times in the areas of Ternove, Krasnohirske, and Zlahoda, and in the direction of Pryvillya.

• On the Huliaypole Direction, 2 enemy attacks took place toward Dobropillya, Staroukrainka, Zaliznychne, Huliaypilske, Varvarivka, Myrne, and Olenokostyantynivka.

Changes in the enemy disposition:

• The enemy’s “Zapad (West)” Operational Grouping consists of
  - the 1st Tank Army (1st and 15th Motorized Rifle Regiments, 1st Tank Regiment of the 2nd Motorized Rifle Division, 12th and 13th Tank Regiments and 423rd Motorized Rifle Regiment of the 4th Tank Division),
  - the 20th Combined Arms Army (252nd, 362nd, and 752nd Motorized Rifle Regiments and 237th Tank Regiment of the 3rd Motorized Rifle Division; 254th, 283rd, and 488th Motorized Rifle Regiments and 59th Tank Regiment of the 144th Motorized Rifle Division),
  - the 25th Combined Arms Army (31st, 36th, and 37th Motorized Rifle Regiments and 19th Tank Regiment of the 67th Motorized Rifle Division, 164th and 169th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigades, 11th Separate Tank Brigade).

  Almost all first-echelon units have 1–2 assault companies per battalion, less commonly an assault battalion per regiment.

  Forces are distributed by direction as follows:
  - Borova Direction — 4th Tank Division of the 1st Tank Army, part of the forces of the 2nd Motorized Rifle Division of the 1st Tank Army, and the 3rd and 144th Motorized Rifle Divisions of the 20th Combined Arms Army;
  - Lyman Direction — 25th Combined Arms Army, main forces of the 144th Motorized Rifle Division of the 20th Combined Arms Army and the 2nd Motorized Rifle Division of the 1st Tank Army, and part of the forces of the 3rd Motorized Rifle Division.

• The 204th Separate SOF Regiment strikes north of Zakitne.

• The 27th Artillery Regiment of the 6th Motorized Rifle Division of the 3rd Army Corps strikes on the western outskirts of Oleksiyevo-Druzhkivka and in Kostyantynivka; the 13th Assault Detachment of the 1194th Motorized Rifle Regiment of the 4th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade of the 3rd Combined Arms Army strikes in Kostyantynivka; the 3rd Battalion of the 136th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade of the 58th Combined Arms Army strikes in Kostyantynivka and Novodmytrivka; the 57th Separate SOF Company of the 8th Combined Arms Army strikes near Mykolayivska and Novohryhorivka.

• The 14th Separate SOF Brigade strikes near Velykomykhailivka; the Tor-MU Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment of the 90th Tank Division of the 41st Combined Arms Army intercepts Ukrainian UAVs in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast.

• The 16th CBRN Brigade of the Eastern Military District strikes in Staroukrainka and Zaliznychne.

Possible operation situation developments:

• Two offensive operations should be expected starting from the end of April 2026 — the Sloviansk-Kramatorsk and the Orikhiv-Zaporizhzhia operations. The disruption of the enemy’s summer offensive will lead to a prolonged loss of offensive capabilities, depletion of resources, and will provide a real chance to end the war. The Lyman, Sloviansk, and Kostyantynivka Directions are acquiring strategic significance, as the enemy’s military-political leadership is urgently requiring several convincing operational victories that can be presented as victory in the entire war.

• The enemy “Sever (North)” Operational Grouping will continue to operate simultaneously along the Northern Slobozhansky Direction, the Southern Slobozhansky Direction, and the Velykyi Burluk Direction and will attempt to seize as large an area as possible in Sumy Oblast and Kharkiv Oblast with the aim of subsequent political bargaining for their exchange for territories in Donetsk Oblast that the enemy will be unable to seize.

• The “Zapad (West)” Operational Grouping command will focus on Kupyansk and expanding the southern part of the bridgehead on the Oskil rather than on tactical operations in the border zone. The 121st and 122nd Motorized Rifle Regiments of the 68th Motorized Rifle Division will actively support the advance of 1st Tank Army forces from the north in its offensive on Kupyansk and may be reinforced by a number of elements of the 69th Motorized Rifle Division as part of such a decision.

• In the Kupyansk area, forces of the 1st Tank Army (47th Tank Division, 27th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade), elements of the 2nd Motorized Rifle Division, 4th Tank Division, and 68th Motorized Rifle Division of the 6th Combined Arms Army will under any circumstances attempt to eliminate the Defense Forces bridgehead east of Kupyansk and seize the city in the near term. The 1st Tank Army delivers its main effort in the direction of Pishchane–Kurylivka, that is, in the 47th Tank Division’s offensive sector, which is attempting to break through to Kivsharivka, consolidate there, and reach Kupyansk-Vuzlovyi with its main forces. The 27th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade and forward units of the 68th Motorized Rifle Division of the 6th Combined Arms Army periodically attempt to break through to Zaoskillia from the direction of Lyman Pershyi and in the direction of Vilshana–Petropavlivka, restore their positions in the western part of Kupyansk by attacking along the Oskil River from their bridgehead on it, with the aim of pinning Ukrainian Defense Forces units against the river or forcing them to withdraw from the Kolisnykivka and Hlushkivka area northward, while simultaneously preventing them from organizing a stable defense in the Zaoskillia area and in Kupyansk-Vuzlovyi. The task of seizing Kupyansk is currently of considerable importance to Russian military and political leadership, yet the Kupyansk Direction is unlikely to become the main focus of the enemy’s offensive campaign.

• On the Sloviansk Direction, in a tactical perspective, the adversary’s “Zapad (West)” Operational Grouping will move to the decisive phase of the battles for the Defense Forces’ Lyman bridgehead on the Siverskyi Donets and will attempt to capture Lyman. The adversary’s Svatove grouping of forces, intentionally separated from the “Zapad (West)” Operational Grouping, will attack more actively in the direction of Borova. Ukrainian Defense Forces’ confident control over the areas of the Sloviansk Thermal Power Plant, Mykolaivka, and Raihorodka allows for the provision of stable logistics for the Lyman defense area of the 3rd Army Corps of Ukrainian Defense Forces from the southern bank of the Siverskyi Donets. With the aim of destroying logistics first and foremost, the adversary will increase fire impact on the Raihorodok – Staryi Karavan – Starodubivka – Sloviansk Thermal Power Plant area. The envelopment of the Lyman defense area from the northwest and southeast by troops of the 20th and 25th Combined Arms Armies may significantly assist the adversary in its further assault on the city itself. Therefore, before the assault on Lyman, the 20th Combined Arms Army will attempt to fully occupy the Yarova – Novoselivka – Drobysheve – Pryshyb area and subsequently attempt to reach the Oleksandrivka – Sosnove line and break through to Svyatohirsk.

• On the Kostyantynivka direction, the enemy “Yug (South)” Operational Grouping will attempt to seize the Druzhkivka–Kostyantynivka agglomeration by enveloping the flanks of Kostyantynivka, while simultaneously breaking through to the near approaches to Druzhkivka, after which it will assault Kostyantynivka and push Ukrainian Defense Forces out of the Druzhkivka area under the threat of encirclement. Enemy forces will advance toward the Malotaranivka–Semenivka–Bilokuzmynivka–Komyshuvakha area. Ukrainian Defense Forces will be forced to withdraw from the area between Kostyantynivka and the Kleban-Byk Reservoir under the threat of encirclement to the area north of road T0504, which will slow the assault actions of the enemy’s 3rd Army Corps in Kostyantynivka.

• On the Dobropillya Direction, in the near term the enemy will attempt to break through to the northwest, striking with the adjacent flanks of the 2nd and 51st Combined Arms Armies and breaking through to the Novohryshyne–Dobropillya (village)–Chernihivka–Shevchenko area, i.e. reaching the near approaches to Dobropillya city from the south. In the operational zone of the “Tsentr (Center)” Operational Grouping, Russian forces can no longer simultaneously break through to Dobropillya from the south, southeast, and east, meaning they are already forced to accomplish this task sequentially. It is likely that the 2nd Combined Arms Army will first break through from the direction of Pokrovsk to the near approaches to Dobropillya from the south, after which the main effort of the “”Tsentr (Center)” Operational Grouping command will shift to the 51st Combined Arms Army’s sector, which will break through to the city from the east and southeast, following which the assault on Dobropillya will begin.

• On the Oleksandrivka Direction, units of the 39th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade of the 68th Army Corps, operating on the left flank of the 29th Combined Arms Army, will be forced to withdraw to the Voskresenka–Maliivka line and attempt to hold it; the forces of the 29th Combined Arms Army as a whole will be forced to withdraw from the Vovcha river on their left flank.

• On the Huliaypole Direction, the 5th Combined Arms Army will in the near term attempt to break through to the Verkhnya Tersa–Huliaypilske line, with its forward units already pushing in the direction of Verkhnya Tersa from Zaliznychne and Zelene and attacking along the Huliaypole–Orikhiv road toward Huliaypilske from Zaliznychne and from Dorozhnyanka. In addition, the army will attempt to restore its positions along the Khaychur river.

• On the Orikhiv Direction, after several failed attempts to bring Mala Tokmachka and the surrounding area under control from the west, the 76th Air Assault Division will shift its main effort axis to the northeast — along the Bilohirya–Luhivske line — in an attempt to support the advance on the adjacent flank of the 5th and 35th Combined Arms Armies, which are operating southwest of Huliaypole and have advanced in the area of Myrne and north of Zahirne.

• On the Prydniprovske direction, the command of the enemy’s “Dnepr” Operational Grouping will continue trying to take control of most of the island zone in the Dnipro delta in the direction of Kherson, will try to create a tactical bridgehead on the right bank, and to eliminate the tactical bridgeheads of the 30th Marine Corps of Ukrainian Defense Forces in the area of the automobile and railway bridges near Antonivka.

Russian operational losses from 24.02.22 to 25.03.26

Personnel - almost 1,290 960 (+1,220);

Tanks – 11,806 (+6);

Armored combat vehicles ‒ 24,274 (+3);

Artillery systems – 38,746 (+51);

Multiple rocket launchers (MLRS) – 1,696 (0);

Anti-aircraft warfare systems – 1,336 (0);

Vehicles and fuel tanks – 85,151 (+196);

Aircraft - 435 (0);

Helicopters – 350 (0);

UAV operational and tactical level – 196,351 (+2,459);

Intercepted cruise and other missiles – 4,491 (+23);

Boats/ships – 35 (0).

Humanitarian + general:

• According to the Air Force, on the night of March 25, the Russian Federation attacked Ukraine with 147 strike UAVs of various types, including more than 80 Shahed drones. As of 08:30, Ukrainian air defense neutralized 121 drones; hits by 24 units were recorded at 18 locations, and falling debris was recorded at 3 locations. The attack continued, with enemy drones remaining in the airspace.

• According to “Chernihivoblenergo” JSC, as a result of an overnight strike by Russian UAVs on an energy facility in the Chernihiv district, approximately 150,000 subscribers in the city of Chernihiv and the Chernihiv district were de-energized.

• According to the head of the Kyiv Oblast Military Administration Mykola Kalashnyk, on the morning of March 25, Russian troops struck the energy infrastructure of Slavutych, resulting in the city being temporarily left without a centralized electricity supply. Approximately 21,000 residents are without power; critical infrastructure has been switched to backup power sources, and social institutions are functioning on generators.

• According to the Kherson Oblast Military Administration, on the morning of March 25, Russian troops shelled Kherson and the village of Bilozerka, resulting in four civilians being injured. In Bilozerka, two men aged 43 and 72 were wounded; both were taken to the hospital. In the Korabelnyi district of Kherson, two women aged 84 and 70 were injured due to the shelling of the residential sector, one of whom was hospitalized in moderate condition.

• According to the Kharkiv Oblast Prosecutor’s Office, on March 25, Russian troops attacked Kharkiv and the Zolochiv Community. In the Zolochiv Community, a 61-year-old man was killed as a result of a drone hit on a civilian vehicle. In Kharkiv, due to strikes on the Kholodnohirskyi and Novobavarskyi districts, the number of injured reached 9 people, including a 15-year-old girl; residential buildings, a gas network, and cars were damaged. Fires broke out at the impact sites.

• According to the State Emergency Service of Sumy Oblast, on the morning of March 25, Russian troops attacked a fire station building in one of the border settlements of the Shostka district with a UAV. As a result of the strike, the building was destroyed and firefighting equipment was decimated.

• According to the State Emergency Service, the Russian army shelled a hospital in the village of Shevchenkove, Kupiansk district, Kharkiv Oblast. The building of the medical facility was partially destroyed, and a fire broke out on-site. According to preliminary data, three people were injured. In the village of Velykyi Burluk, Kupiansk district, Kharkiv Oblast, Russians attacked State Emergency Service rescuers while they were extinguishing a fire in a non-residential building hit by a Russian drone.

• According to the head of the Odesa Oblast Military Administration Oleh Kiper, on the evening of March 24, a Russian UAV destroyed a residential building in Odesa Oblast, which caused a large-scale fire. As a result of the strike, a woman was injured; another person may be under the rubble. Six neighboring private houses were also damaged.

• According to the head of the Ternopil Oblast Military Administration Taras Pastukh, on March 24, as a result of a massive attack by Russian UAVs in Ternopil Oblast, hits were recorded at energy infrastructure facilities and an administrative building. Fires at the impact sites were promptly extinguished; there are no deaths or injuries among the civilian population. Power supply interruptions are observed in the region.

• According to the head of the Vinnytsia Oblast Military Administration Nataliia Zabolotna, the number of people injured as a result of the Russian UAV attack on March 24 has risen to 21. Currently, five wounded individuals are in hospitals, two of whom are in serious condition; the death of one person has also been confirmed. Damage to 84 households was recorded in three Communities of the region.

• According to the Secretariat of the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Human Rights, within the Bring Kids Back UA initiative, as of March 25, 2026, 2,058 deported children have been successfully returned to Ukraine. Active support in this process is provided by 38 countries, as well as the Council of Europe and the European Union.

• According to the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada for Human Rights Dmytro Lubinets, the Russian Federation is illegally holding 26 Ukrainian journalists and media workers, while the ICRC has officially confirmed the detention of only one of them. The ICRC legally “does not see” the rest, which creates an additional obstacle for both the process of their return and the negotiation process, Lubinets reported. During 2025, Ukraine managed to return only three media representatives through exchanges: Dmytro Khyliuk, Marko Kaliush, and Vladyslav Yesypenko.