How to check whether Python script has elevated privileges?

It may happen that a Python script needs root privileges on Linux / macOS or admin privileges on Windows to run properly. If it does not have them, there is no point in continuing. Let’s see how to quickly check whether the current runtime has those privileges.

Linux / macOS

On Linux and macOS, this is straightforward. Elevated privileges are marked by user ID 0, and Python built-in library os provides the function getuid()¹ that returns current user ID. Hence, it’s enough to just grab this value, compare it with 0 and return the result.

import os
def is_root():
    """Return True if the current script is running on Linux/macOS with root privileges, otherwise False."""
    if os.name == "posix":
     # On Linux, user ID 0 indicates the root user
        return os.getuid() == 0
    else:
        return False

Windows

On Windows, the approach with user ID will not work because Windows manages users in a different way. But the check for admin privileges is still relatively simple. It requires using C libraries available on Windows, which can be accessed through Python’s built-in ctypes module.²

In this case, the most elegant approach I found was to call windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin.³ I’m not saying it’s the best solution, but it worked well when I needed it

import ctypes
import os
def is_admin() -> bool:
    """Return True if the current script is running on Windows with admin privileges, otherwise False."""
    if os.name == "nt":
        return ctypes.windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin() != 0
    else:
        return False

That’s it for today. Happy hacking! 🐍