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Surgery | 2 Minute Medicine

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Surgery is associated with an increased quality of life in women with endometriosis

1. In adult women with endometriosis, surgery was associated with an increased quality of life independent of their #Enzian classification. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Endometriosis affects 7-10% of women of reproductive age and has a heterogeneous presentation, ranging from superficial peritoneal implants to involvement of retroperitoneal structures. The wide range of symptoms associated with…

Perioperative toripalimab improves event-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer

1. In patients with resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer, perioperative toripalimab plus chemotherapy increased rates of tumor and lymph node downstaging and improved event-free survival compared to chemotherapy alone. 2. Operative approach, complete resection, hospital stay, and perioperative complication rates remained comparable between study groups. Evidence Rating Level: 1…

Active surveillance is cost-effective compared with standard surgery among esophageal cancer patients with complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

1. Active surveillance was cost-effective over 5 years compared with standard surgery in patients with esophageal cancer and complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Active surveillance for patients with esophageal cancer and a complete clinical response (CCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is noninferior to standard surgery…

Intraarterial dexamethasone may be effective for pain relief following uterine fibroid embolization

1. Intraarterial dexamethasone was associated with greater pain relief after uterine fibroid embolization compared with placebo. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic uterine fibroids, which are most common tumor of the female reproductive tract. However, a major limitation of UFE is acute postprocedural pain.…

Medical or procedural abortion may not increase risk of psychotropic medication use after five years

1. Among a Danish population-based cohort study, increased initiation of psychotropic medication in the first year following both medical and procedural methods of abortion were found, with decreased risk of initiation of psychotropic medication within five or more years following both medical and procedural abortions. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) There is limited research on […] The post…

Erector spinae plane blocks may not provide meaningful benefit over standard analgesia in breast surgery patients

1. Erector spinae plane blocks reduced PACU opioid requirements and modestly shortened PACU stay, but did not produce a clinically meaningful reduction in total opioid consumption over 24 hours. 2. Pain control and patient satisfaction were comparable between groups, suggesting ESP blocks offer limited added analgesic benefit over standard analgesia alone in this setting. Evidence […] The post…

Duodenal-jejunal bypass liners may improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes

1. Duodenal-jejunal bypass liners were superior to sham in reducing HbA1c and improved weight loss in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. Despite efficacious outcomes, duodenal-jejunal bypass liners raised safety concerns, including a high rate of hepatic abscess. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: A duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is a removable […] The…

Spinal instability may be the primary cause of pain in sacral metastases as opposed to neurologic compromise

1. Although neurological symptoms (motor deficits, sensory impairment) were more frequent in patients with sitting-related sacral pain on univariate comparison, this association did not hold in multivariable analysis (aOR 0.83, 95% CI 0.21–2.95, p=0.780), indicating spinal instability—not neurological compromise—was the primary driver of this pain. 2. Patients with sitting-related sacral pain had…

Cryoanalgesia increases neuropathic pain after minimally invasive thoracic surgery

1. Adults who received cryoanalgesia during minimally invasive thoracic surgery experienced higher neuropathic pain scores at three, six, and twelve months compared to those receiving standard intercostal nerve block alone. 2. Cryoanalgesia and younger age were both associated with increased neuropathic pain risk at one year. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Minimally invasive…

Septoplasty is more costly but more effective than medical management for deviated septum

1. Immediate septoplasty is more costly but more clinically effective than medical management for deviated septum. 2. Over a 24-month horizon, immediate septoplasty becomes highly likely to be cost-effective, whereas its value at 12 months remains uncertain and sensitive to surgical costing methods. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Deviated nasal septum is commonly managed with […] The post…